{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T23:22:50Z","timestamp":1780356170015,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]],"date-time":"2024-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727222400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital","award":["TGAFGH-A-113020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TGAFGH-A-113020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: This study provided a quantitative prediction of best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) for cataract patients using the inverse problem algorithm (IPA) technique earlier proposed by the authors. Methods: To this end, seven risk factors (age, BMI, MAP, IOP, HbA1c, LDL-C, and gender) were linked by a semi-empirical formula by normalizing each factor into a dimensionless range of \u22121.0 to +1.0. The adopted inverse problem algorithm (IPA) technique was run via a self-developed program in STATISTICA 7.0, featuring a 29-term nonlinear equation considering seven risk factors, cross-interaction between various pairs of factors, and one constant term [7 + (7 \u00d7 6)\/2 + 1 = 29]. The IPA neglected quadratic, triple, or quadruple factors\u2032 cross-interactions. This study used a dataset of 632 cataract patients to attain a reliable BCVA prediction with a variance of 0.929. A verification dataset of 160 patients with similar symptoms was used to verify this approach\u2032s feasibility, reaching a good correlation with R2 = 0.909. Results: The verification group\u2032s derived average AT (agreement) (9.12 \u00b1 27.00%) indicated a slight deviation between the theoretical prediction and practical BCVA. The significant factors were age, body mass index (BMI), and intraocular pressure (IOP), whereas mean arterial pressure (MAP), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and gender insignificantly contributed to BCVA. Conclusions: The proposed approach is instrumental in AI-assisted clinical diagnosis, yielding robust BCVA predictions for individual cataract patients based on their biological indices before the ophthalmological examination procedure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14192126","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]],"date-time":"2024-09-25T16:16:37Z","timestamp":1727280997000},"page":"2126","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Best-Corrected Visual Acuity Quantitative Prediction for Cataract Patients: AI-Assisted Clinical Diagnostics Facilitation via the Inverse Problem Algorithm"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ya-Hui","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Takun, Taichung 406, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung 411, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chun-Chieh","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Taichung Armed-Forces General Hospital, Taichung 411, Taiwan"},{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9300-135X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ying-Liang","family":"Chou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Takun, Taichung 406, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung 411, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 114, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chih-Sheng","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, BenQ Medical Center, Affiliated BenQ Hospital of the Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-9980-7479","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ke-Lin","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo 315012, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9485-4722","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lung-Kwang","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Takun, Taichung 406, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai-Yuan","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Takun, Taichung 406, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ching-Hsiu","family":"Ke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Takun, Taichung 406, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Optometry, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Takun, Taichung 406, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1136\/bjophthalmol-2021-320997","article-title":"Real-world visual outcomes of cataract surgery based on population-based studies: A systematic review","volume":"107","author":"Han","year":"2023","journal-title":"Br. 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