{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T12:35:49Z","timestamp":1791894949770,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]],"date-time":"2024-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729814400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Persistent sciatic artery (PSA) is a rare vascular anomaly classified into five types according to the Pillet and Gauffre classification system. Although PSA may be detected as an incidental finding, symptomatic cases account for approximately 80% of all cases and have variable clinical presentations. Due to the frequent ischemic and aneurysmal complications, PSAs can lead to limb-threatening conditions requiring prompt identification and adequate treatment management. In this paper, we present a series of four cases of PSA with extremely different anatomical characteristics, patients\u2019 ages, medical histories and clinical presentations. All cases were diagnosed in our institution and managed after multidisciplinary discussions involving vascular surgeons and interventional radiologists. The series included three women and one man. In two cases, one of which included gluteal and back pain, pulsatile masses were found. Two patients had lower-limb chronic ischemia, one with rest pain and one with IIb claudication. Whereas selective angiography was performed only in endovascular approaches, computed tomography angiography (CTA) was performed on all patients as the decisive diagnostic modality. In our series, treatment strategies were selected on the basis of clinical and anatomical factors, and after the evaluation of the potential risks and benefits of each technique. Treatment was medical in two cases, endovascular in one case and hybrid in one case.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14212383","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]],"date-time":"2024-10-25T10:50:08Z","timestamp":1729853408000},"page":"2383","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Different Manifestations of Persistent Sciatic Artery and Possible Treatment Options: A Series of Four Cases"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7133-8509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura Maria","family":"Cacioppa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical, Special and Dental Sciences, University Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy"},{"name":"Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiological Sciences, University Hospital \u201cAzienda Ospedaliera Universitaria delle Marche\u201d, 60126 Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marzia","family":"Rosati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiological Sciences, University Hospital \u201cAzienda Ospedaliera Universitaria delle Marche\u201d, 60126 Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Macchini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiological Sciences, University Hospital \u201cAzienda Ospedaliera Universitaria delle Marche\u201d, 60126 Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolo\u2019","family":"Rossini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical, Special and Dental Sciences, University Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Boscarato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiological Sciences, University Hospital \u201cAzienda Ospedaliera Universitaria delle Marche\u201d, 60126 Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Vento","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vascular Surgery Unit, Aortic Team, Lancisi Cardiovascular Center, 60100 Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Vocaturo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vascular Surgery Unit, Aortic Team, Lancisi Cardiovascular Center, 60100 Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3840-6693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Coppola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Unit, Circolo Hospital, ASST Sette Laghi, 21100 Varese, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medicine and Technological Innovation, Insubria University, 21100 Varese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3448-9345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Enrico","family":"Paci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Radiology, IRCCS INRCA, 60127 Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Candelari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiological Sciences, University Hospital \u201cAzienda Ospedaliera Universitaria delle Marche\u201d, 60126 Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Floridi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical, Special and Dental Sciences, University Politecnica delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy"},{"name":"Division of Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiological Sciences, University Hospital \u201cAzienda Ospedaliera Universitaria delle Marche\u201d, 60126 Ancona, Italy"},{"name":"Division of Radiology, Department of Radiological Sciences, University Hospital \u201cAzienda Ospedaliera Universitaria delle Marche\u201d, 60126 Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"730","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)83351-7","article-title":"On a new variety of femoral artery","volume":"17","author":"Green","year":"1832","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"691.e7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2009.08.020","article-title":"Persistent sciatic artery","volume":"24","author":"Santaolalla","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. Vasc. Surg."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1745","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radcr.2021.03.057","article-title":"Persistent sciatic artery an incidental finding","volume":"16","author":"Omer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Radiol. Case Rep."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/0741-5214(93)90604-K","article-title":"Persistent sciatic artery: Embryology, pathology and treatment","volume":"18","author":"Brantley","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Vasc. Surg."},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"254","article-title":"Persistent sciatic artery: A case report and literature review","volume":"33","author":"Lorente","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurocirugia"},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"97","article-title":"Tronc art\u00e9riel ischio-poplit\u00e9, persistance de l\u2019art\u00e8re axiale [Ischio-popliteal artery trunk persistence of the axial artery]","volume":"64","author":"Pillet","year":"1980","journal-title":"Bull. Assoc. Anat."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01627932","article-title":"Sciatic artery: A case, review of literature and attempt of systemization","volume":"16","author":"Gauffre","year":"1994","journal-title":"Surg. Radiol. Anat."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2009.01.014","article-title":"The persistent sciatic artery","volume":"37","author":"Zeebregts","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur. J. Vasc. Endovasc. Surg."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvir.2024.04.013","article-title":"Safety and Effectiveness of Endovascular Treatment of Complications Associated with Persistent Sciatic Artery: A Qualitative Systematic Review","volume":"35","author":"Koike","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Vasc. Interv. Radiol."},{"key":"ref_10","first-page":"189","article-title":"Persistent sciatic artery: A favorable anatomic variant in a setting of trauma","volume":"17","author":"Shaffer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ochsner J."},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"4","article-title":"A pulsating buttock mass as a rare presentation of a persistent sciatic artery","volume":"20","author":"Richter","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. J. Vasc. Endovasc. Surg. Extra"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"241","article-title":"The persistent sciatic artery: Report of ten cases","volume":"45","author":"Belmir","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Med. Vasc."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Floridi, C., Cacioppa, L.M., Agliata, G., Cellina, M., Rossini, N., Valeri, T., Curzi, M., Felicioli, A., Bruno, A., and Rosati, M. (2023). True Non-Contrast Phase versus Virtual-Non Contrast: \u201cLights and Shadows\u201d of Dual Energy CT Angiography in Peripheral Arterial Disease. Appl. Sci., 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/app13127134"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Floridi, C., Cacioppa, L.M., Valeri, T., Rossini, N., Rosati, M., Vento, V., Felicioli, A., Macchini, M., Candelari, R., and Carotti, M. (2024). The Clinical Utility of Lower Extremity Dual-Energy CT Angiography in the Detection of Bone Marrow Edema in Diabetic Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease. J. Clin. Med., 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13061536"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2016.05.007","article-title":"Treatment Strategy for Persistent Sciatic Artery and Novel Classification Reflecting Anatomic Status","volume":"52","author":"Ahn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Vasc. Endovasc. Surg."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.3400\/avd.cr.16-00119","article-title":"Persistent Sciatic Artery Aneurysm with Limb Ischemia: A Report of Two Cases","volume":"10","author":"Morisaki","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann. Vasc. Dis."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2009.07.003","article-title":"Ruptured persistent sciatic artery aneurysm managed by endovascular embolization","volume":"24","author":"Rezayat","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ann. Vasc. Surg."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvscit.2023.101280","article-title":"A hybrid approach to persistent sciatic artery fusiform aneurysm repair","volume":"9","author":"Choi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Vasc. Surg. Cases Innov. Technol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1177\/1538574410364251","article-title":"Endovascular treatment of symptomatic persistent sciatic artery aneurysm: A case report and review of literature","volume":"44","author":"Mousa","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vasc. Endovasc. Surg."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837.e9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2011.02.017","article-title":"Intermediate and Long-Term Outcomes After Treating Symptomatic Persistent Sciatic Artery Using Different Techniques","volume":"25","author":"Yamamoto","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann. Vasc. Surg."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.56.7489","article-title":"Mycotic aneurysm of a persistent sciatic artery","volume":"56","author":"Hikone","year":"2017","journal-title":"Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1447","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.7928-21","article-title":"An Infected Massive Persistent Sciatic Artery Aneurysm Treated by an Aneurysmal Incision and Drainage after Angiographic Embolization","volume":"61","author":"Yamashita","year":"2022","journal-title":"Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.1177\/1538574419899034","article-title":"Endovascular Treatment of Persistent Sciatic Artery Aneurysms with Primary Stenting: A Systematic Review of the Literature","volume":"54","author":"Charisis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vasc. Endovasc. Surg."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cvetic, V., Miletic, M., Lukic, B., Nestorovic, D., Kostic, O., Sladojevic, M., Zlatanovic, P., and Jakovljevic, N. (2023). Successful Hybrid Approach Treatment of a Large Persistent Sciatic Artery Aneurysm\u2014A Case Report. Medicina, 59.","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina59071328"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.06.001","article-title":"Role of computed tomographic angiography in the detection andcomprehensive evaluation of persistent sciatic artery","volume":"42","author":"Jung","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Vasc. Surg."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejvs.2019.05.006","article-title":"Global Vascular Guidelines on the Management of Chronic LimbThreatening Ischemia","volume":"58","author":"Conte","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. J. Vasc. Endovasc. Surg."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.avsg.2021.03.022","article-title":"Endovascular Treatment of Persistent Sciatic Artery Occlusion: Case Report and Literature Review","volume":"74","author":"Mariani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann. Vasc. Surg."}],"container-title":["Diagnostics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4418\/14\/21\/2383\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T16:20:48Z","timestamp":1760113248000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4418\/14\/21\/2383"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"21","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]}},"alternative-id":["diagnostics14212383"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/diagnostics14212383","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-4418"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2075-4418","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,25]]}}}