{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T20:02:06Z","timestamp":1789070526416,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The internal jugular vein (IJV) is a vascular structure that is responsible for the venous drainage of both the head and neck and is commonly found posterior to the internal carotid artery and adjacent to cervical lymph nodes or nerve structures such as the glossopharyngeal and accessory nerves. As a vagal nerve, it is an important reference point for surgical access in neck interventions and dissections. Methods: The databases Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, CINAHL, and LILACS were searched until August 2024. Methodological quality was evaluated with an assurance tool for anatomical studies (AQUA). Pooled prevalence was estimated using a random effects model. Results: A total of 10 studies met the established selection criteria in this meta-analysis study. The prevalence of variants of the IJV was 3.36% (CI: 2.81\u20136.96%), with a heterogeneity of 94.46%. Regarding the subgroup analysis, no study presents statistically significant differences in the studies analyzed for this review. Conclusions: Knowing the IJV variants in detail will make early diagnosis useful, especially in surgeries in the neck region and in classic surgeries such as thyroidectomies and tracheostomies, among others. It will be important to know the position of the IJV.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics14232765","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]],"date-time":"2024-12-09T08:17:49Z","timestamp":1733732269000},"page":"2765","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Internal Jugular Vein Variants and Their Relationship to Clinical Implications in the Head and Neck"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0098-0224","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pablo","family":"Nova-Baeza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 7501015, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan Jos\u00e9","family":"Valenzuela-Fuenzalida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 7501015, Chile"},{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias Qu\u00edmica y Biol\u00f3gicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Bernardo O\u2019Higgins, Santiago 8370854, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rocio","family":"Valdivia-Arroyo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 7501015, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7255-6831","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emelyn Sofia","family":"Becerra-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Medicina, Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca, Tulu\u00e1 763022, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catalina","family":"Escalona-Manzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 7501015, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yesica Tatiana","family":"Casta\u00f1o-Gallego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Medicina, Unidad Central del Valle del Cauca, Tulu\u00e1 763022, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8450-6196","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo Miguel","family":"Luque-Bernal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Medicina, Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad del Rosario, Bogota 111321, Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gustavo","family":"Oyanedel-Amaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Chile, Santiago 8910060, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandra","family":"Suazo-Santib\u00e1\u00f1ez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de las Americas, Santiago 8370040, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathias","family":"Orellana-Donoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escuela de Medicina, Universidad Finis Terrae, Santiago 7501015, Chile"},{"name":"Department of Morphological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Science, Universidad San Sebasti\u00e1n, Santiago 8420524, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"Bruna-Mejias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Andres Bello, Santiago 7501015, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2599-8474","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan","family":"Sanchis-Gimeno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GIAVAL Research Group, Department of Anatomy and Human Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, 46001 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4650-3426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H\u00e9ctor","family":"Guti\u00e9rrez-Espinoza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"One Health Research Group, Universidad de las Americas, Quito 170124, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang, X., Peng, L., Guo, H., Hernesniemi, J., Xiong, X., Andrade-Barazarte, H., and Qian, R. 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