{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T05:58:03Z","timestamp":1768283883131,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,26]],"date-time":"2024-12-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735171200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives: To evaluate the non-inferiority of non-contrast CT compared to contrast-enhanced CT with both intravenous and rectal contrast application for the diagnosis of acute colonic diverticulitis. Methods: Five readers retrospectively evaluated the non-contrast and contrast-enhanced series of CTs of 205 consecutive patients with clinical suspicion of acute diverticulitis. Two randomized reading sessions, both containing all 205 cases as either contrast-enhanced or non-contrast (1:1) series, were performed with \u22658 weeks washout between them. The non-inferiority margin was set to 0.1. Results: The pooled prevalence (all readers) of diverticulitis was similar for non-contrast CT (63.9%, range: 60.5\u201365.0%) and contrast-enhanced CT (64.4%, 61.5\u201367.8%). Non-contrast CT was non-inferior for the diagnosis of diverticulitis (accuracy 0.90 [95% confidence interval: 0.89, 0.92]) compared to contrast-enhanced CT (0.92 [0.90, 0.94]; the difference in accuracy: \u22120.01 [\u22120.04, 0.01]) (normal deviate test: p-valueone-sided = 5.20 \u00d7 10\u22126). Sensitivities for perforation and abscess were slightly but significantly lower for the non-contrast CT than for the contrast-enhanced CT (differences: \u22120.15 [\u22120.20, \u22120.05], \u22120.17 [\u22120.27, \u22120.07]), while no differences in accuracies and specificities were observed. Conclusions: Non-contrast CT is non-inferior to contrast-enhanced CT (intravenous and rectal contrast) for the diagnosis of acute colonic diverticulitis. Contrast-enhanced CT is associated with significantly higher sensitivities for the presence of an abscess or perforation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics15010029","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,26]],"date-time":"2024-12-26T19:33:07Z","timestamp":1735241587000},"page":"29","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Comparison of Non-Contrast CT vs. Contrast-Enhanced CT with Both Intravenous and Rectal Contrast Application for Diagnosis of Acute Colonic Diverticulitis: A Multireader, Retrospective Single-Center Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Dorottya","family":"M\u00f3r\u00e9","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stella","family":"Erdmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Medical Biometry, University of Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7147-2414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arved","family":"Bischoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4804-358X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Verena","family":"Wagner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hans-Ulrich","family":"Kauczor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lukas F.","family":"Liesenfeld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"Abbasi Dezfouli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Athanasios","family":"Giannakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miriam","family":"Klau\u00df","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1957-1594","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philipp","family":"Mayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2015.302","article-title":"Temporal Trends in the Incidence and Natural History of Diverticulitis: A Population-Based Study","volume":"110","author":"Bharucha","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. 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