{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T12:35:30Z","timestamp":1762432530898,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,14]],"date-time":"2025-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736812800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pleural thickening can be the result of inflammation or infection but can also have a neoplastic origin. Depending on the clinical context, a pleural lesion or mass is often initially suspected of malignancy. Benign pleural tumors are rare, and their appearance on ultrasound (US) is also described less frequently than pleural metastases or malignancies. There are few descriptions of contrast-enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) in particular. This review introduces the basics of transthoracic ultrasound (TUS) of the pleura and CEUS of the pleura and lung. CEUS is recommended for pulmonary applications in the EFSUMB guidelines in non-hepatic applications. This article provides an overview of the characteristics of benign pleural thickening, tumor-like lesions, and benign pleural tumors on transthoracic B-mode US with color Doppler imaging (CDI) and CEUS. In detail, characteristics in TUS and CEUS are described for infectious\/inflammatory pleural thickening (empyema, tuberculous pleuritis, hemothorax, fibrothorax), pleural thickening in various systemic diseases, in tumor-like conditions (plaques, splenosis, endometriosis, mesothelial cysts, lymphangiomatosis) and benign tumors (lipoma, benign SFT, schwannoma, solitary extramedullary\/extraosseous plasmacytoma). The descriptions are illustrated by corresponding US and CEUS images.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics15020176","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,14]],"date-time":"2025-01-14T06:13:07Z","timestamp":1736835187000},"page":"176","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Comments and Illustrations of the European Federation of Societies for Ultrasound in Medicine Guidelines: Benign Pleura Lesions (Benign Pleura Thickening, Lesions and Masses)\u2014What Can Be Seen on Transthoracic Ultrasound?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9492-0141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathleen","family":"M\u00f6ller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department I\/Gastroenterology, SANA Hospital Lichtenberg, 10365 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tomas","family":"Maruskin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department General Internal Medicine (DAIM), Hospitals Hirslanden Bern Beau Site, Salem and Permanence, 3013 Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Ludwig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Internal Medicine, Hospital of the German Armed Forces, 10115 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wolfgang","family":"Blank","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Department I, Hospital on Steinenberg Reutlingen, 72764 Reutlingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0387-0760","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephan","family":"Eisenmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Halle, 06120 Halle, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7008-6650","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Jenssen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Internal Medicine, Hospital M\u00e4rkisch Oderland, 15344 Strausberg, Germany"},{"name":"Brandenburg Institute for Clinical Ultrasound (BICUS) at Brandenburg Medical University, 16816 Neuruppin, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hajo","family":"Findeisen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Internal Medicine, Red Cross Hospital Bremen, 28199 Bremen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8769-6167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Burkhard","family":"M\u00f6ller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Bern University Hospital, Inselspital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6015-6347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christoph F.","family":"Dietrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department General Internal Medicine (DAIM), Hospitals Hirslanden Bern Beau Site, Salem and Permanence, 3013 Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2189-5050","article-title":"Sonography of the pleura","volume":"45","author":"Horn","year":"2024","journal-title":"Ultraschall Med. 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