{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T01:21:49Z","timestamp":1782955309707,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,7]],"date-time":"2025-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738886400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: People living with HIV (PLWH) are more susceptible than immunocompetent people to non-melanoma skin cancers. These tumors can arise de novo or from precancerous lesions, such as actinic keratosis (AKs). The management of AKs in PLWH has not been widely discussed in the literature. More specifically, the efficacy of the treatment of AKs in PLWH with modern topical drugs, such as tirbanibulin, is limited. The present work aims to evaluate the response rate to the intervention with tirbanibulin 1% ointment for treating AKs in PLWH. Methods: We retrospectively collected the data of the PLWH who visited the Dermatology Department of the Policlinico Riuniti (Foggia, Italy) between September 2023 and September 2024. PLWH who received the diagnosis of AKs and underwent treatment with tirbanibulin 1% ointment were studied. To assess the severity of AKs, the number of AKs and the AKs\u2019 area and severity index (AKASI) score were calculated at the time of diagnosis (T0) and after treatment (T1). Results: Ten PLWH were found to have AKs and received topical therapy with tirbanibulin 1% ointment. On average, at T0, the number of lesions was 8.2 and the AKASI score was 4.20; at T1, the number of AKs was 1.7 and the AKASI score was 1.5. Only two patients reported a mild inflammatory reaction to applying tirbanibulin 1% ointment. Conclusions: The rate of satisfactory responses was in line with a recent multicentric Italian study performed on immunocompetent patients. Our results confirm the efficacy and tolerability of tirbanibulin 1% ointment in treating AKs in PLWH in particular.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics15040401","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,7]],"date-time":"2025-02-07T05:04:33Z","timestamp":1738904673000},"page":"401","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Response Rate to the Intervention with Tirbanibulin 1% Ointment for Treating Actinic Keratoses in People Living with HIV Infection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8363-0195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia","family":"Ciccarese","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Dermatology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto, 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Drago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Casa di Cura Villa Montallegro, Via Monte Zovetto 27, 16100 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Lospalluti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, 70126 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mauro","family":"Grandolfo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, 70126 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4729-7548","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergio","family":"Lo Caputo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Mastrolonardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Dermatology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto, 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benedetta","family":"Tirone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, 70126 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cosimo","family":"Castronovi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, 70126 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riccardo","family":"Bortone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, 70126 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0325-4316","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerardo","family":"Cazzato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Molecular Pathology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, 70124 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Caterina","family":"Foti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, 70126 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2007.07860.x","article-title":"Actinic keratosis is an early in situ squamous cell carcinoma: A proposal for reclassification","volume":"156","author":"Patel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Br. 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