{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:38:53Z","timestamp":1787027933600,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]],"date-time":"2025-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739145600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The high prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), about 30% of people worldwide over 30 years old, underscores the crucial need for early screening. This study aimed to identify key predictive factors for OSA; use these factors to develop a screening equation for a population at high risk for OSA; and prospectively validate this equation\u2019s application. Methods: The study included two phases: a retrospective phase examining anthropometric data, the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), and the home sleep apnea test (HSAT) from 200 patients referred to the Respiratory Sleep Disorder Center at Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy (January 2020\u2013January 2023) to create a predictive equation for OSA using multivariate analysis (with the most predictive data according to scientific literature). A prospective phase testing this equation on 53 patients from May 2023 to September 2024. Results: In the retrospective phase, the most predictive variables for the apnea\u2013hypopnea index (AHI) identified were neck circumference (NC) and the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS). The predictive equation derived from the multivariate analysis was as follows: AHIp = [\u221270.498 + (2.196 \u00d7 NC) + (0.809 \u00d7 ESS)]. In the prospective phase of the study, we compared the AHI predicted by the equation (AHIp) with the AHI measured via the HSAT (AHIm) in 53 patients recruited. The results showed that AHIp had a sensitivity of 95%, a specificity of 28%, a positive predictive value (PPV) of 46%, and a negative predictive value (NPV) of 90%. Conclusions: This study identified NC and ESS as key predictors of OSA, forming a predictive equation. This equation, showing high sensitivity and high NPV, may be useful as a screening method to rule out OSA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics15040427","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]],"date-time":"2025-02-11T11:01:08Z","timestamp":1739271668000},"page":"427","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Development and Validation of a Screening Equation for Obstructive Sleep Apnea"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6070-428X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Fabozzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonology Unit, Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Policlinico Umberto I, \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessia","family":"Steffanina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonology Unit, Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Policlinico Umberto I, \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3042-0765","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matteo","family":"Bonini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonology Unit, Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Policlinico Umberto I, \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Palange","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonology Unit, Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Policlinico Umberto I, \u201cSapienza\u201d University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.12913","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnoea pathogenesis from mild to severe: Is it all the same?","volume":"22","author":"Edwards","year":"2017","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Meliante, P.G., Zoccali, F., Cascone, F., Di Stefano, V., Greco, A., de Vincentiis, M., Petrella, C., Fiore, M., Minni, A., and Barbato, C. 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