{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T00:56:30Z","timestamp":1760057790594,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740096000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This report discusses a female patient with longstanding discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), refractory to multiple immunosuppressive and biologic treatments. Upon presenting with infiltrated, hypertrophic plaques in facial and d\u00e9colletage regions, she was started on anifrolumab therapy after the histopathological confirmation of DLE. Following three infusions, significant clinical and dermoscopic improvements were observed, including the resolution of plaques and regression of scarring areas. This case highlights anifrolumab\u2019s efficacy in severe lupus skin manifestations, emphasizing its potential to induce dermoscopic and histological remission. Additionally, it suggests that dermoscopy could be a valuable tool for monitoring therapeutic responses in DLE and cutaneous lupus erythematosus, warranting further investigation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics15050522","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T03:47:46Z","timestamp":1740109666000},"page":"522","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Can Dermoscopy Be a Useful Follow-Up Tool in Patients with Discoid Lupus Treated with Anifrolumab?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5718-7003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Ambrogio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, 70124 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caterina","family":"Foti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, 70124 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Noviello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine \u2018Guido Baccelli\u2019, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari \u2018Aldo Moro\u2019, AUOC Policlinico di Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0325-4316","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerardo","family":"Cazzato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Molecular Pathology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, 70121 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexandre Raphael","family":"Meduri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, 70124 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carolina","family":"Marasco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine \u2018Guido Baccelli\u2019, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari \u2018Aldo Moro\u2019, AUOC Policlinico di Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4567-8216","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angelo","family":"Vacca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine \u2018Guido Baccelli\u2019, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari \u2018Aldo Moro\u2019, AUOC Policlinico di Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benedetta","family":"Tirone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Ionian Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari \u201cAldo Moro\u201d, 70124 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.15365","article-title":"Dermoscopy of discoid lupus erythematosus\u2014A systematic review of the literature","volume":"60","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int. 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Dermatol."},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"55","article-title":"Use of Anifrolumab in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus, and Other Autoimmune Dermatoses","volume":"116","year":"2024","journal-title":"Actas Dermosifiliogr."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1093\/mrcr\/rxae018","article-title":"Efficacy of anifrolumab in long-term intractable alopecia due to discoid lupus erythematosus","volume":"8","author":"Azuma","year":"2024","journal-title":"Mod. Rheumatol. Case Rep."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1177\/09612033241289489","article-title":"Treatment of discoid lupus with lenalidomide and anifrolumab: Case report and review of the literature","volume":"33","author":"Centner","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E2338200","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.38200","article-title":"Anifrolumab for Adolescent Discoid Lupus Erythematosus","volume":"6","author":"Shaw","year":"2023","journal-title":"JAMA Netw. Open"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e001007","DOI":"10.1136\/lupus-2023-001007","article-title":"Case series of anifrolumab for treatment of cutaneous lupus erythematosus and lupus-related mucocutaneous manifestations in patients with SLE","volume":"10","author":"Bao","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lupus Sci. 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Women\u2019s Dermatol."}],"container-title":["Diagnostics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4418\/15\/5\/522\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T16:39:16Z","timestamp":1760027956000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4418\/15\/5\/522"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["diagnostics15050522"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/diagnostics15050522","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-4418"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2075-4418"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]]}}}