{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T19:53:49Z","timestamp":1792007629397,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740528000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: There have been multiple studies on the use of Doppler ultrasound to define skin inflammation, but the visible vessels of healthy skin have yet to be described. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the visible vessels of healthy skin using Doppler ultrasound. Methods: Prospective multicenter study using Doppler ultrasound to analyze healthy skin. The color percentage, flow velocity, and maximum vessel diameter were calculated. Results: 943 images from 152 patients were recorded. The most frequently used mode was color Doppler (40.6%), followed by power Doppler (30.4%). Visible vessels were detected in 18.23%; in positive Doppler images, color occupied less than 5%. The malar region exhibited the highest visible vessels. The 22 MHz probe detected smaller vessels with slower flows than the 18 MHz probe. Spectral Doppler showed peak systolic values of less than 10 cm\/s and a vessel diameter of less than 1 mm. In most of the participating centers, the operators had less than 10 years of experience in performing skin ultrasound examinations. Sensitivity of the Doppler may vary according to the device. Conclusions: With the used ultrasound equipment, it was uncommon to visualize vessels in healthy skin. When seen, they covered less than 5% of the image with low flow and small size.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics15050569","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T11:22:12Z","timestamp":1740568932000},"page":"569","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Advanced Doppler Ultrasound Insights: A Multicenter Prospective Study on Healthy Skin"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Priscila","family":"Giavedoni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Department, Hospital Cl\u00ednic Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6134-5155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge","family":"Roman\u00ed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Department, Hospital Granollers, 08402 Granollers, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francisco","family":"de Cabo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ultrasound Department, Instituts Guirado Radiolgia, 08022 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0175-8123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco Javier","family":"Garc\u00eda-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Cl\u00ednica Dermatol\u00f3gica Internacional, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Sports Science, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Villaviciosa de Od\u00f3n, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00f3nica","family":"Quintana-Codina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Department, Hospital Universitari Sagrat Cor, Grupo Quironsalud, 08029 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1601-9227","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esther","family":"Ro\u00e8-Crespo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Department, Hospital Sant Pau I la Santa Creu, 08025 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9314-1843","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irene","family":"Fuertes de Vega","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Department, Hospital Cl\u00ednic Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"Soria-Gili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Department, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, 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Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Vidal-Sarr\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Department, Hospital Universitari d\u2019Igualada, 08700 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jordi","family":"Mollet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Department, Hospital Universitari d\u2019Igualada, 08700 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Serra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Department, Hospital Cl\u00ednic Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Department, Hospital Vall d\u2019Hebron, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3784-7670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emilio","family":"L\u00f3pez-Trujillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Department, Hospital Mar Parc de Salut de Barcelona, 08003 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9649-9250","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miquel","family":"Just","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Department, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIIII de Tarragona, 43005 Tarragona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Combalia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Department, Hospital Cl\u00ednic Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, 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