{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T01:30:22Z","timestamp":1784338222017,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741737600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Korea Health Technology R&amp;D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI), funded by the Ministry of Health &amp; Welfare","award":["HR22C160504"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HR22C160504"]}]},{"name":"Woosong University Academic Research Fund","award":["HR22C160504"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HR22C160504"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial endocrine disorder with significant clinical and reproductive implications. Identifying dose\u2013response relationships between clinical, physical, and reproductive factors and PCOS can enhance diagnostic accuracy and inform treatment strategies. This study utilized a data-driven approach to analyze the associations between key factors, including age, weight, menstrual cycle length, Anti-Mullerian Hormone (AMH) levels, and follicle count, with PCOS prevalence. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on a dataset of 539 participants to determine the optimal ranges of these factors associated with an increased likelihood of PCOS diagnosis. Statistical analyses were conducted using Python, including correlation matrix, univariate and multivariate logistic regression, and dose\u2013response evaluations. Results: Our findings demonstrated that the risk of PCOS increases positively in women under 32 years of age. AMH levels above 4.18 ng\/mL were strongly associated with PCOS, suggesting that higher AMH levels may reflect excessive follicular activity rather than enhanced ovarian function. Weight was positively correlated with PCOS, emphasizing the role of metabolic disturbances in its pathophysiology. Additionally, menstrual cycle length exhibited a non-linear association with PCOS, with both shortened and prolonged cycles being indicative of hormonal dysregulation. A higher follicle count was consistently linked to PCOS, reinforcing its diagnostic significance. Conclusions: This study provides evidence of non-linear dose\u2013response relationships between PCOS and clinical, physical, and reproductive factors. The proposed optimal ranges may serve as valuable reference points for clinicians, aiding in early diagnosis and personalized management strategies for women with PCOS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics15060711","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T10:45:06Z","timestamp":1741776306000},"page":"711","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Association of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome with Clinical, Physical, and Reproductive Factors: A Data-Driven Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Ismat Ara","family":"Begum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju 54907, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0934-0995","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. S. M. Sanwar","family":"Hosen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data, Woosong University, Daejeon 34606, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8940-8739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deepak","family":"Ghimire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IT Application Research Center, Korea Electronics Technology Institute, Jeonju 54853, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mi Jin","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St Mary\u2019s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 03083, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"6","author":"Sirmans","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. 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