{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T15:59:04Z","timestamp":1792425544645,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,23]],"date-time":"2025-03-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742688000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Measurement of circulating lactate is an essential diagnostic tool in pediatric medicine, playing a crucial role in assessing metabolic status and tissue oxygenation. Initially regarded as a byproduct of anaerobic metabolism, recent research has expanded our understanding of lactate\u2019s roles across various physiological systems, from energy metabolism to immune modulation and neurological health. Elevated lactate levels are widely utilized to monitor critical conditions such as sepsis, trauma, and hypoxic\u2013ischemic injury, offering valuable prognostic information in intensive care settings. Notably, lactate dynamics\u2014particularly trends in serial measurements\u2014are more effective than single readings for predicting clinical outcomes, especially in sepsis and trauma. Measurement of circulating lactate in different body fluids (blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and umbilical blood) provides critical insights into neonatal health and central nervous system involvement. However, challenges remain, including the need for non-invasive and rapid point-of-care testing, particularly in neonatal populations. Our aim was to review and synthesize the current literature on the role and particularities of measurement of circulating lactate in pediatric pathology. Emerging technologies, such as machine learning models and small molecule inhibitors, show promise in advancing lactate regulation and predicting hemodynamic instability. As the role of lactate in pediatric pathology continues to evolve, optimizing measurement protocols and exploring new therapeutic strategies will enhance early detection, intervention, and clinical outcomes for critically ill children.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics15070816","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,25]],"date-time":"2025-03-25T10:53:54Z","timestamp":1742900034000},"page":"816","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Lactate, an Essential Metabolic Marker in the Diagnosis and Management of Pediatric Conditions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Alina","family":"Belu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphofunctional Sciences I\u2014Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0949-7538","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nina","family":"Filip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphofunctional Sciences II\u2014Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8326-7610","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura Mihaela","family":"Trandafir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mother and Child\u2014Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7015-0085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena Lia","family":"Spoial\u0103","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mother and Child\u2014Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3018-8011","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"\u021aarc\u0103","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery II\u2014Pediatric and Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Zamosteanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphofunctional Sciences I\u2014Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriela","family":"Ghiga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mother and Child\u2014Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jana","family":"Bernic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Pediatric Surgery, \u201cNicolae Testemi\u021banu\u201d State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, MD-2001 Chisinau, Moldova"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alina","family":"Jehac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Dental Medicine Department, Faculty of Dental Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7859-840X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Cojocaru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morphofunctional Sciences I\u2014Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cGrigore T. 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