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AI-driven algorithms assist in preoperative planning by identifying anatomical abnormalities, predicting surgical outcomes, and guiding personalized treatment strategies. In cleft lip and palate care, AI enhances prenatal detection, severity classification, and the design of custom therapeutic devices, while also refining speech evaluation. For craniosynostosis, AI supports automated morphology classification, severity scoring, and the assessment of surgical indications, thereby promoting diagnostic consistency and predictive outcome modeling. In orthognathic surgery, AI-driven analyses, including skeletal maturity evaluation and cephalometric assessment, inform optimal timing and diagnosis. Furthermore, in cases of craniofacial microsomia and microtia, AI improves phenotypic classification and surgical planning through precise intraoperative navigation. These advancements underscore AI\u2019s transformative role in diagnostic accuracy, and clinical decision-making, highlighting its potential to significantly enhance evidence-based pediatric craniofacial care.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics15070829","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,25]],"date-time":"2025-03-25T10:53:54Z","timestamp":1742900034000},"page":"829","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Artificial Intelligence Applications in Pediatric Craniofacial Surgery"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3168-1879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucas M.","family":"Harrison","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ragan L.","family":"Edison","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Analytical Imaging and Modeling Center, Children\u2019s Health Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9025-399X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rami R.","family":"Hallac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA"},{"name":"Analytical Imaging and Modeling Center, Children\u2019s Health Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75235, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rahmani, A.M., Yousefpoor, E., Yousefpoor, M.S., Mehmood, Z., Haider, A., Hosseinzadeh, M., and Ali Naqvi, R. 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