{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T15:53:34Z","timestamp":1784735614584,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":109,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]],"date-time":"2025-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745971200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"\u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Postpartum depression (PPD) is a prevalent mental health disorder affecting women after childbirth, with significant adverse effects on both maternal and infant outcomes. Early detection and intervention are critical to improving health trajectories. Material and Methods: This narrative review compares the predictive validity of commonly used screening instruments for PPD, including the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and brief tools like PHQ-2 and PHQ-4. It also examines the role of self-esteem, assessed using the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and coping mechanisms, evaluated through the COPE Inventory, in moderating PPD risk. Results: Validation studies reveal variability in the performance of screening tools across different populations, emphasizing the need for contextual calibration. Low self-esteem and maladaptive coping strategies are consistently associated with higher PPD risk, with socioeconomic status (SES) further influencing these relationships. Interventions focusing on enhancing self-esteem and promoting adaptive coping, such as cognitive\u2013behavioral therapy and psychoeducation, show promise in reducing PPD incidence. Conclusions: This review highlights gaps in existing research, particularly regarding screening during pregnancy, and calls for integrated predictive models incorporating psychosocial variables. Early, context-sensitive screening approaches are essential for effective PPD prevention and management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics15091152","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T05:10:32Z","timestamp":1746076232000},"page":"1152","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Predictive Validity of Screening Tools and Role of Self-Esteem and Coping in Postpartum Depression Risk"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-7597-823X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadica","family":"Motofelea","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Practical Skills, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4297-077X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandru Catalin","family":"Motofelea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Center of Molecular Research in Nephrology and Vascular Disease, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ionela Florica","family":"Tamasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department XI: Pediatrics, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7753-7621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teodora","family":"Hoinoiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Practical Skills, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Center for Advanced Research in Cardiovascular Pathology and Hemostaseology, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jabri Tabrizi Madalina","family":"Ioana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Practical Skills, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Center for Advanced Research in Cardiovascular Pathology and Hemostaseology, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5357-5890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maja","family":"Vilibi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Sestre Milosrdnice University Hospital Center, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Catholic University of Croatia, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4533-6766","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antoniu Ionescu","family":"Cringu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Saint Pantelimon Clinical Emergency Hospital, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brenda Cristiana","family":"Bernad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Center for Neuropsychology and Behavioral Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sorin","family":"Trinc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microscopic Morphology, Genetics Discipline, Center of Genomic Medicine, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3263-1769","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dan-Bogdan","family":"Navolan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1177\/21501327211059348","article-title":"Risk Factors for Postpartum Depression During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Literature Review","volume":"12","author":"Usmani","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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