{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T00:16:50Z","timestamp":1791245810614,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":192,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,31]],"date-time":"2025-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748649600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Candidemia is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among critically ill patients. Early-onset candidemia is characterized by occurring within the first seven days after admission to the Intensive Care Unit and presents several important challenges regarding its management. Risk factors may vary among patients with early- and late-onset infection, while clinical manifestations are generally non-specific and covered by the underlying disease and co-morbidities. Diagnosis and appropriate therapy are frequently delayed, with a high risk of progression to invasive, deep-seated infections, leading to rapid clinical deterioration. Management strategies to optimize the approach for patients with early-onset candidemia include the use of both conventional and novel diagnostic techniques, the initiation of appropriate antifungal therapy, administration of an adequate dose, daily evaluation of clinical response, de-escalation treatment whenever possible, and early discontinuation. Incorporating an antifungal stewardship program in clinical practice is essential in order to achieve the best clinical outcomes. Based on a review and analysis of the available literature, this article provides a thorough update on the risk factors, clinical characteristics, diagnostic methods, and management of early-onset candidemia in adult critically ill patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics15111402","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,2]],"date-time":"2025-06-02T03:19:38Z","timestamp":1748834378000},"page":"1402","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Early-Onset Candidemia in Adult Intensive Care Units"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-8657-2032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christina","family":"Mouratidou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Adult Intensive Care Unit, Ippokrateio General Hospital, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kalliopi","family":"Tsakiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Adult Intensive Care Unit, Ippokrateio General Hospital, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0292-0911","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vasiliki","family":"Dourliou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Adult Intensive Care Unit, Ippokrateio General Hospital, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Marneri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Adult Intensive Care Unit, Ippokrateio General Hospital, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Stougianni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Adult Intensive Care Unit, Ippokrateio General Hospital, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7282-8101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Efstathios","family":"Pavlidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Propedeutical Department of Surgery, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokrateio General Hospital, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1478","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.2717","article-title":"Prevalence and Outcomes of Infection Among Patients in Intensive Care Units in 2017","volume":"323","author":"Vincent","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.4103\/2141-9248.113669","article-title":"Fungal infections in intensive care unit: Challenges in diagnosis and management","volume":"3","author":"Bajwa","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ann. 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