{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,11]],"date-time":"2026-10-11T22:36:26Z","timestamp":1791758186179,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]],"date-time":"2025-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748995200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda (CONAHCYT)","award":["830080"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["830080"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives: The objective of this study was to identify CT-based predictors of mechanical ventilation and mortality in patients with severe and critical viral pneumonia and to examine the association between imaging severity and outcomes in ventilated patients. Methods: We analyzed pulmonary CT scans from 148 patients with severe or critical pneumonia caused by COVID-19 (n = 98) or influenza A H1N1 (n = 50). Patients were assessed based on tomographic patterns, demographics, clinical severity scores (Charlson Comorbidity Index, SOFA, and APACHE IV), and biomarkers. Survival analyses were performed using Kaplan\u2013Meier curves and multivariable Cox regression. Results: Bilateral, peripheral, and basal lung involvement was common across both groups. Ground-glass opacities (89.62%, p \u2264 0.001) and consolidation (61.54%, p = 0.001) were more prevalent in COVID-19, whereas pleural effusion was significantly more frequent in H1N1 (76.92%, p \u2264 0.001). COVID-19 cases more often presented with bilateral (96.94%) and peripheral lesions (77.87%). H1N1 patients were more likely to develop severe ARDS and require mechanical ventilation. In COVID-19, higher APACHE IV scores and pulmonary damage severity index were independently associated with increased mortality. Conclusions: Radiologic and clinical severity profiles differ between COVID-19 and H1N1 pneumonia. CT-based assessments combined with prognostic scores may aid early risk stratification and guide treatment decisions in patients with severe viral pneumonia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics15111430","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]],"date-time":"2025-06-04T08:51:04Z","timestamp":1749027064000},"page":"1430","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Comparison of Tomographic Findings in Patients with Influenza A (H1N1) and COVID-19"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Lourdes Noem\u00ed","family":"V\u00e9lez-Ram\u00edrez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Hospital General Le\u00f3n, Le\u00f3n 37672, Guanajuato, Mexico"},{"name":"Department of Medicine and Nutrition, Universidad de Guanajuato, Le\u00f3n 37320, Guanajuato, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8340-2133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Omar","family":"Jim\u00e9nez-Zaraz\u00faa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Nutrition, Universidad de Guanajuato, Le\u00f3n 37320, Guanajuato, Mexico"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital General de Zona IMSS No. 21, Le\u00f3n 37380, Guanajuato, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis Ernesto","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Najera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Hospital General Le\u00f3n, Le\u00f3n 37672, Guanajuato, Mexico"},{"name":"Department of Medicine and Nutrition, Universidad de Guanajuato, Le\u00f3n 37320, Guanajuato, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gustavo Adolfo","family":"Flores-Salda\u00f1a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Hospital General Le\u00f3n, Le\u00f3n 37672, Guanajuato, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adolfo","family":"Valdez-Escobedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Hospital General Le\u00f3n, Le\u00f3n 37672, Guanajuato, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6416-4942","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jaime Daniel","family":"Mondrag\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 LG Groningen, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Laboratorio de Psicofisiolog\u00eda, Departamento de Neurobiolog\u00eda Conductual y Cognitiva, Instituto de Neurobiolog\u00eda, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Quer\u00e9taro 76230, Quer\u00e9taro, Mexico"},{"name":"Life-Span Human Senses Lab, Department of Psychology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1335","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1208802","article-title":"Pandemic preparedness and response--lessons from the H1N1 influenza of 2009","volume":"370","author":"Fineberg","year":"2014","journal-title":"N. 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