{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:22:53Z","timestamp":1760059373424,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":70,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,7]],"date-time":"2025-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749254400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Clinical Significance: Pituitary apoplexy is an extremely rare condition in children and adolescents with a rapid onset due to acute hemorrhage, infarction, or both in the pituitary gland. Most frequently, pituitary apoplexy is an asymptomatic or subclinical entity. Few cases of pituitary apoplexy with concurrent SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 vaccination have been reported. Case Presentation: We present the case of a 13-year-8-month-old boy who presented in our pediatric endocrinology department for the evaluation of short stature. He was previously diagnosed with secondary hypothyroidism and was treated with levothyroxine. At admission, clinical examination revealed a height of 141 cm (\u22122.68 SD\/\u22122.4 SD corrected for mid-parental height), normal weight (60th centile), Tanner-stage G2P1, and delayed bone age. Basal IGF1 was normal, but the tests performed to assess the GH reserve confirmed the GH deficiency (peak GH value 3.11 ng\/mL after clonidine\/0.95 ng\/mL after insulin). The brain MRI revealed a subacute pituitary hemorrhage. Thrombophilia and coagulopathies were excluded by further testing. Anti-SARS-CoV-2 (anti-S-protein IgG) antibodies (&gt;200 BAU\/mL) were compatible with COVID-19 infection, indicating a possible association between these two entities. At 3-month follow-up, physical examination showed a 3 cm height gain and advancing pubertal development (G4P2). Newer MRI found changes consistent with resolving hemorrhage. The patient was provided immediately with recombinant human GH and aromatase inhibitor therapy to maximize GH treatment response. During follow-up, the rGH dose was adjusted based on IGF1 values, and after 3 years and 10 months, rGH treatment was stopped, reaching a height of 172.3 cm (\u22120.51 SD) and surpassing the initial prediction of 164.5 cm. Conclusions: Pituitary apoplexy, an even rarer complication in the pediatric population, may be associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Further studies are necessary to better understand the intertwining of those conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics15121453","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,9]],"date-time":"2025-06-09T04:23:02Z","timestamp":1749442982000},"page":"1453","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pituitary Apoplexy in a Child with Short Stature and Possible Recent SARS-CoV-2 Infection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2678-7318","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmen Gabriela","family":"Barbu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus, Nutrition and Metabolic Disorders, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus, Nutrition and Metabolic Disorders, Elias Emergency University Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luminita Nicoleta","family":"Cima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus, Nutrition and Metabolic Disorders, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus, Nutrition and Metabolic Disorders, Elias Emergency University Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7963-3294","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marian","family":"Andrei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus, Nutrition and Metabolic Disorders, Elias Emergency University Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7185-7464","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simona","family":"Vasilache","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrinology Ambulatory Care Center, Pediatric Hospital, 100336 Ploiesti, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mihaela","family":"\u021aarn\u0103","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus, Nutrition and Metabolic Disorders, Elias Emergency University Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ileana Olguta","family":"Rizea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, Elias Emergency University Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carmen Sorina","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus, Nutrition and Metabolic Disorders, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus, Nutrition and Metabolic Disorders, Elias Emergency University Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3659-4544","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anca Elena","family":"S\u00eerbu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus, Nutrition and Metabolic Disorders, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus, Nutrition and Metabolic Disorders, Elias Emergency University Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Fica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus, Nutrition and Metabolic Disorders, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes Mellitus, Nutrition and Metabolic Disorders, Elias Emergency University Hospital, 011461 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2006.104.6.931","article-title":"Pituitary Apoplexy: Do Histological Features Influence the Clinical Presentation and Outcome?","volume":"104","author":"Semple","year":"2006","journal-title":"J. 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