{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T12:12:01Z","timestamp":1783599121002,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,8]],"date-time":"2025-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749340800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: It has been suggested that the mandible may differ according to gender. The fact that the mandible and the anatomical structures on it show various changes with age and gender differences is important in gender and age determination. The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphometric variation in the condyle and coronoid processes and the gonial angle, which are anatomical structures forming the mandible, with gender and age. Methods: Cone beam CT images of 141 individuals (78 female, 63 male) were used in this study. The images of all patients were obtained with the same X-ray device; the images were obtained at 70 kVp, 10 mA, and a 32 s exposure time in accordance with the manufacturer\u2019s recommendations. Images displayed with 0.3 mm voxel with the IRYS 15.0 program were examined in the axial, sagittal, and coronal planes, and measurements were taken. The gonial angle, coronoid notch, condyle height, condyle\u2013coronoid distance, and sigmoid notch depths were evaluated. Results: The average age of 141 individuals was 43.21 \u00b1 15.96 years, and 55.3% of them were female and 44.7% were male. The mean right gonial angle in females (128.66 \u00b1 5.50\u00b0) was significantly higher than in males (125.68 \u00b1 5.10\u00b0) (p &lt; 0.005). Similarly, the mean left gonial angle in females (128.84 \u00b1 5.97\u00b0) was significantly higher than in males (125.26 \u00b1 4.89\u00b0) (p &lt; 0.005). The sigmoid notch depth was found to be greater in men, with an average of 13.88 \u00b1 2.46 mm, while in women, it had an average of 13.13 \u00b1 1.80 mm, and this difference was statistically significant (p &lt; 0.005). The relationship between the two sides\u2019 coronoid notch height, sigmoid notch depth, condyle height, and condyle\u2013coronoid distance and age groups was not statistically significant (p &gt; 0.005). Conclusions: Overall, our findings indicate that the male mandible may have a longer condyle, a narrower gonial angle, and a wider sigmoid notch depth than that of females. It has been observed that ramus measurements such as condyle length and sigmoid notch depth may be important in gender discrimination, and the male mandible exhibits larger values in these parameters. No differences in parameters were observed between age groups.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics15121459","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,9]],"date-time":"2025-06-09T04:23:02Z","timestamp":1749442982000},"page":"1459","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A Morphometric Evaluation of the Mandibular Condyle, Coronoid Process, and Gonial Angle: Age and Gender Differences in CBCT Imaging"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9660-9838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehmet Emin","family":"Dogan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Harran University, Sanliurfa 63200, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Burcu Nur","family":"Turkoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Harran University, Sanliurfa 63200, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ilhan","family":"\u015eengul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u015eanl\u0131urfa Oral and Dental Health Hospital, Sanl\u0131urfa 63010, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Soares, A.P., Fischer, H., Aydin, S., Steffen, C., Schmidt-Bleek, K., and Rendenbach, C. 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