{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T02:44:56Z","timestamp":1791254696239,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750118400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"JSPS KAKENHI (Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["21K11633"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["21K11633"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"JSPS KAKENHI (Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["16K09042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16K09042"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: To clarify the relationship between constipation and depressive symptoms among the elderly. Methods: This single-center, cross-sectional study was performed using baseline data obtained at the time of enrollment in the prospective cohort of the JUSTICE-TOKYO study. Participants underwent assessments including patient profiling, drug use history, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), the Geriatric Depression Scale 15 (GDS-15), gastrointestinal-related quality of life (QOL), and the constipation scoring system (CSS). Geriatric depressive symptoms were evaluated based on GDS-15. We investigated correlations between GDS-15 scores and various abdominal symptoms and assessed risk factors for geriatric depressive symptoms using multiple regression analysis. Results: A total of 984 elderly participants (57% female, mean age 78.1 \u00b1 6.1 year) were included. The GDS-15 scores were significantly correlated with body mass index (BMI) (r = \u22120.056) and MMSE (r = \u22120.092), reflex-related QOL (r = 0.253), pain-related QOL (r = 0.229), fullness-related QOL (r = 0.269), constipation-related QOL (r = 0.329), diarrhea-related QOL (r = 0.264), and CSS (r = 0.285) scores. Multiple regression analysis indicated that BMI (\u03b2 = \u22120.069, p = 0.020) and MMSE (\u03b2 = \u22120.074, p = 0.013), constipation-related QOL (\u03b2 = 0.136, p = 0.002), reflex-related QOL (\u03b2 = 0.126, p &lt; 0.001), diarrhea-related QOL (\u03b2 = 0.095, p = 0.006), and CSS (\u03b2 = 0.098, p = 0.016) scores were significantly correlated with GDS-15 scores. Conclusions: Depressive symptoms among older individuals are associated with various abdominal symptoms, particularly constipation. However, the causality between depressive symptoms and constipation cannot be inferred due to the study\u2019s cross-sectional design.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics15121537","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T03:37:07Z","timestamp":1750131427000},"page":"1537","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Association of Constipation and Geriatric Depressive Symptoms: Cross-Sectional Analysis Using Baseline Data from the JUSTICE-TOKYO Prospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Kiko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Juntendo Tokyo Koto Geriatric Medical Center, Tokyo 136-0075, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daisuke","family":"Asaoka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, 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