{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T15:13:51Z","timestamp":1791645231599,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751500800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Oradea, Romania"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common metabolic disorder during pregnancy, associated with increased risks for both maternal and fetal complications. Insulin resistance plays a central role in its pathophysiology. This study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of the Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) in diagnosing GDM and to explore its correlation with clinical and anthropometric parameters in a Romanian population. Methods: A retrospective case\u2013control study was conducted on 320 pregnant women between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation. Based on ADA criteria, participants were divided into 160 with GDM and 160 controls, matched by age and gestational week. Fasting glucose, insulin, BMI, and blood pressure were assessed. HOMA-IR and HOMA-\u03b2 were calculated. Statistical analyses included t-tests, Pearson correlation, and logistic regression. Results: HOMA-IR was significantly higher in the GDM group (2.9 vs. 1.8; p &lt; 0.001). It correlated with fasting insulin (r = 0.85, p &lt; 0.001), fasting glucose (r = 0.65, p &lt; 0.001), BMI (r = 0.60, p &lt; 0.001), and systolic blood pressure (r = 0.42, p &lt; 0.001). Logistic regression identified HOMA-IR as an independent predictor of GDM (OR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.6\u20133.5, p &lt; 0.001), along with BMI (p = 0.01) and maternal age (p = 0.05). Conclusions: HOMA-IR is significantly associated with GDM and may enhance mid-gestational risk assessment when combined with clinical and anthropometric measures. Further studies are needed to validate its predictive accuracy in broader populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics15131704","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]],"date-time":"2025-07-03T08:22:07Z","timestamp":1751530927000},"page":"1704","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Evaluating the Predictive Value of HOMA-IR in Gestational Diabetes: A Case\u2013Control Study from Romania"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6064-5706","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ait el Haj","family":"Iman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1st December Square 10, 410073 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Onel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Western University \u201cVasile Goldis\u201d of Arad, 310025 Arad, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gheorghe","family":"Furau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Western University \u201cVasile Goldis\u201d of Arad, 310025 Arad, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristian","family":"Furau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Life Sciences Department, Western University \u201cVasile Goldis\u201d of Arad, 310025 Arad, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roxana","family":"Furau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Western University \u201cVasile Goldis\u201d of Arad, 310414 Arad, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mihai","family":"Lucan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1st December Square 10, 410073 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8967-0059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mircea","family":"Sandor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1st December Square 10, 410073 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7701-2307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liliana","family":"Sachelarie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preclinical Discipline, Apollonia University, 700511 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anca","family":"Huniadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 1st December Square 10, 410073 Oradea, Romania"},{"name":"Calla\u2014Infertility Diagnostic and Treatment Center, Constantin A. Rosetti Street, 410103 Oradea, Romania"},{"name":"Pelican Clinical Hospital, Corneliu Coposu Street 2, 410450 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1667","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9378(91)90012-G","article-title":"Longitudinal changes in insulin release and insulin resistance in nonobese pregnant women","volume":"165","author":"Catalano","year":"1991","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. 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