{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:50:06Z","timestamp":1792792206216,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753833600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) encompass a heterogeneous group of musculoskeletal and neuromuscular conditions affecting the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and masticatory system. Due to academic stress and parafunctional habits, dental students may be particularly vulnerable to TMD. Objective: To determine the prevalence of TMD symptoms and their psychosocial and functional correlates among students at the Faculty of Dental Medicine, UMPh Iasi, Romania, using the diagnostic criteria for TMD (DC\/TMD) self-report axis and axis II instruments. Methods: In this cross-sectional survey, 356 volunteer students (66.0% female; mean age, 22.9 \u00b1 3.6 years) out of a total population of 1874 completed an online DC\/TMD\u2013based questionnaire. Axis I assessed orofacial pain, joint noises, and mandibular locking. Axis II instruments included the Graded Chronic Pain Scale (GCPS), Jaw Functional Limitation Scale (JFLS-20), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Oral Behaviors Checklist (OBC). Descriptive statistics summarized frequencies, means, and standard deviations; \u03c72 tests and t-tests compared subgroups by sex; Pearson correlations explored relationships among continuous measures (\u03b1 = 0.05). Results: A total of 5% of respondents reported orofacial pain in the past 30 days; 41.6% observed TMJ noises; 19.7% experienced locking episodes. Mean JFLS score was 28.3 \u00b1 30.5, with 4.8% scoring &gt; 80 (severe limitation). Mean PHQ-9 was 5.96 \u00b1 5.37 (mild depression); 15.5% scored \u2265 10. Mean GAD-7 was 5.20 \u00b1 4.95 (mild anxiety); 16.0% scored \u2265 10. Mean OBC score was 12.3 \u00b1 8.5; 30.1% scored \u2265 16, indicating frequent parafunctional habits. Symptom prevalence was similar by sex, except temporal headache (43.4% females vs. 24.3% males; p = 0.0008). Females reported higher mean scores for pain intensity (2.09 vs. 1.55; p = 0.0013), JFLS (32.5 vs. 18.0; p &lt; 0.001), PHQ-9 (6.43 vs. 5.16; p = 0.048), and OBC (13.9 vs. 9.7; p = 0.0014). Strong correlation was observed between PHQ-9 and GAD-7 (r = 0.74; p &lt; 0.001); moderate correlations were observed between pain intensity and PHQ-9 (r = 0.31) or GAD-7 (r = 0.30), between JFLS and pain intensity (r = 0.33), and between OBC and PHQ-9 (r = 0.39) (all p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: Nearly half of dental students reported TMD symptoms, with appreciable functional limitation and psychosocial impact. Parafunctional behaviors and psychological distress were significantly associated with pain and dysfunction. These findings underscore the need for early screening, stress-management interventions, and interdisciplinary care strategies in the dental student population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics15151908","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T10:55:37Z","timestamp":1753872937000},"page":"1908","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorder Symptoms Among Dental Students at the Faculty of Dental Medicine in Ia\u0219i: A Self-Reported Study Based on DC\/TMD Criteria"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Eugenia Larisa","family":"Tarevici","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Odontology-Periodontology and Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0087-7190","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oana","family":"Tanculescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Odontology-Periodontology and Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alina Mihaela","family":"Apostu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Odontology-Periodontology and Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9588-6910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sorina Mihaela","family":"Solomon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Odontology-Periodontology and Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice-Teodora","family":"Rotaru-Costin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Odontology-Periodontology and Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4254-794X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adrian","family":"Doloca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine and Interdisciplinarity, Faculty of Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2127-1569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Petronela","family":"Bodnar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Odontology-Periodontology and Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vlad Stefan","family":"Proca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Odontology-Periodontology and Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice-Arina","family":"Ciocan-Pendefunda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Odontology-Periodontology and Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Tatarciuc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Implantology, Removable Dentures and Dental Technology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeriu","family":"Fala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Nicolae Testemi\u0163anu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Chi\u015fin\u0103u, 165 \u015etefan cel Mare \u0219i Sf\u00e2nt Blvd., MD-2012 Chi\u015fin\u0103u, Moldova"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina Cristina Iuliana","family":"Iordache","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Implantology, Removable Dentures and Dental Technology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy Iasi, 16 Universitatii Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"T4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2011.08.002","article-title":"Orofacial pain prospective evaluation and risk assessment study\u2014The OPPERA study","volume":"12","author":"Maixner","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Pain"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sodo.2023.12.011","article-title":"Temporomandibular disorders: Definition and etiology","volume":"30","author":"Ohrbach","year":"2024","journal-title":"Semin. 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