{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T19:13:08Z","timestamp":1770750788500,"version":"3.50.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757548800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Wroc\u0142aw University of Environmental and Life Sciences"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mandible cemento-osseous dysplasia (COD) can be found mostly associated with dental roots and tooth-bearing anatomical structures. A variety of odontogenic cysts and tumors might have similar appearances. A lesion in the jaw bone not associated with dental roots with a cyst-like appearance might suggest a non-odontogenic lesion, an empty bone cavity, an osseous, fibrous, or fibro-osseous lesion, or a traumatic bone cyst (TBC). A radiolucent irregular bone cavity without clear borders always requires improved diagnostics in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) as well as a revision and a biopsy in some cases. When there is some bone swelling and asymmetry on radiological evaluation, followed by extra-cortical spread, and the lesion has irregular borders with thickening or atypical calcifications, a biopsy should be performed. COD and TBCs can be found mostly associated with dental roots, but sometimes they are not associated with tooth-bearing jaw structures and might cause some diagnostic problems, especially if they resemble an empty radiolucent cystic-like lesion in an atypical location. Regardless of the type of lesion, a bone revision and a biopsy are important. When a sufficient amount of a sample is removed and evaluated, this can greatly improve the final diagnosis. The authors present an interesting case of a lesion accidentally found in a routine panoramic radiograph used for screening before scheduled orthodontic treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics15182312","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T14:23:50Z","timestamp":1757600630000},"page":"2312","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Cystic-like Lesion of Uncertain Origin\u2014A Discussion on Cemento-Osseous Dysplasia and Traumatic Bone Cysts"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4215-0798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kamil","family":"Nelke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Maxillo-Facial Surgery Ward, EMC Hospital, Pilczycka 144, 54-144 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maciej","family":"Karpi\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maxillo-Facial Surgery Ward, Sokolowski Specialist Hospital, Walbrzych Sokolowski Str. 4, 58-309 Walbrzych, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-4070-7281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Scharoch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maxillo-Facial Surgery Ward, Sokolowski Specialist Hospital, Walbrzych Sokolowski Str. 4, 58-309 Walbrzych, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4357-2271","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maciej","family":"Janeczek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Wroc\u0142aw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Ko\u017cuchowska 1, 51-631 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5187-5324","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agata","family":"Ma\u0142yszek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Wroc\u0142aw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Ko\u017cuchowska 1, 51-631 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3654-1151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evagelos","family":"Kalfarentzos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, University Clinic, Dental School, Evangelismos General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9366-3755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Efthymios","family":"Mavrakos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, University Clinic, Dental School, Evangelismos General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0682-4743","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Piotr","family":"Kuropka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Wroc\u0142aw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Cypriana K. Norwida 25, 50-375 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christos","family":"Perisanidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, University Clinic, Dental School, Evangelismos General Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2368-1534","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maciej","family":"Dobrzy\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Preclinical Dentistry, Wroc\u0142aw Medical University, Krakowska 26, 50-425 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"e53426","article-title":"Idiopathic Osteosclerosis in Orthodontic Patients: A Report of Two Cases","volume":"16","author":"Mishra","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nelke, K., Matys, J., Janeczek, M., Ma\u0142yszek, A., \u0141uczak, K., \u0141ukaszewski, M., Frydrych, M., Kulus, M., D\u0105browski, P., and Nienartowicz, J. 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Oral Maxillofac. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Decolibus, K., Shahrabi-Farahani, S., Brar, A., Rasner, S.D., Aguirre, S.E., and Owosho, A.A. (2023). Cemento-Osseous Dysplasia of the Jaw: Demographic and Clinical Analysis of 191 New Cases. Dent. J., 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/dj11050138"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brody, A., Zalatnai, A., Csomo, K., Belik, A., and Dobo-Nagy, C. (2019). Difficulties in the diagnosis of periapical translucencies and in the classification of cemento-osseous dysplasia. 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