{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:43:52Z","timestamp":1760060632518,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757980800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Magnetic resonance elastography (MRE) can provide insight into the biomechanical properties of tissues. Yet, there is a lack of widespread utilization of MRE for evaluation of the head and neck region, particularly the orbit. This article describes the preliminary MRE findings for imaging of the orbit in healthy human subjects and evaluates its feasibility and technical considerations. Two healthy volunteers were recruited for participation. A standard liver driver was positioned over the forehead of the volunteer, after which a 3T scanner was used to obtain MRE images of the orbit at 8 and 20 kPa. Resulting image quality and strain patterns were assessed. Basic viscoelastic information was visualized on orbit elastograms obtained at both 8 and 20 kPa, with both image sets displaying increased strain in the posterior globes. Image quality appeared better at 8 kPa than at 20 kPa. While the development of specialized devices and techniques requires further investigation to optimize image quality, MRE is feasible for effectively visualizing viscoelastic properties of intra- and periorbital tissues.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics15182342","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]],"date-time":"2025-09-16T10:06:25Z","timestamp":1758017185000},"page":"2342","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Shear Wave MR Elastography of the Orbit: Preliminary Findings"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Ayden L.","family":"Olsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pritzker School of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3301-4364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel T.","family":"Ginat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Section of Neuroradiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1854","DOI":"10.1126\/science.7569924","article-title":"Magnetic resonance elastography by direct visualization of propagating acoustic strain waves","volume":"269","author":"Muthupillai","year":"1995","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1579","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/45\/6\/313","article-title":"Tissue characterization using magnetic resonance elastography: Preliminary results","volume":"45","author":"Kruse","year":"2000","journal-title":"Phys. Med. Biol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1243\/09544119JEIM529","article-title":"Magnetic resonance elastography hardware design: A survey","volume":"223","author":"Tse","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. H"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mri.2012.09.008","article-title":"MRE of the head and neck: Driver design and initial results","volume":"31","author":"Yeung","year":"2013","journal-title":"Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.21963","article-title":"Development and application of magnetic resonance elastography of the normal and pathological thyroid gland in vivo","volume":"30","author":"Bahn","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiomech.2010.09.027","article-title":"Viscoelastic properties of the tongue and soft palate using MRE","volume":"44","author":"Cheng","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Biomech."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20210337","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr.20210337","article-title":"Multifrequency magnetic resonance elastography-based tomoelastography of the parotid glands-feasibility and reference values","volume":"51","author":"Elsholtz","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofacial Radiol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.1254","article-title":"In vivo brain viscoelastic properties measured by magnetic resonance elastography","volume":"21","author":"Green","year":"2008","journal-title":"NMR Biomed."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Streitberger, K.J., Sack, I., Krefting, D., Pf\u00fcller, C., Braun, J., Paul, F., and Wuerfel, J. (2012). Brain viscoelasticity alteration in chronic-progressive multiple sclerosis. PLoS ONE, 7.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0029888"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nicl.2013.09.006","article-title":"Cerebral magnetic resonance elastography in supranuclear palsy and idiopathic Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"3","author":"Lipp","year":"2013","journal-title":"Neuroimage Clin."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1177\/1971400915609341","article-title":"Imaging of skull base pathologies: Role of advanced magnetic resonance imaging techniques","volume":"28","author":"Mathur","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neuroradiol. J."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.22217","article-title":"MR elastography of the ex vivo bovine globe","volume":"32","author":"Litwiller","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"576","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI31030","article-title":"Fibrosis and diseases of the eye","volume":"117","author":"Friedlander","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/S0161-6420(85)33990-8","article-title":"Orbital compliance in Graves\u2019 eye disease","volume":"92","author":"Frueh","year":"1985","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2002.1000254","article-title":"Computation and visualization of three-dimensional soft tissue motion in the orbit","volume":"21","author":"Viergever","year":"2002","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging"}],"container-title":["Diagnostics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4418\/15\/18\/2342\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T18:46:14Z","timestamp":1760035574000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4418\/15\/18\/2342"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"18","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}},"alternative-id":["diagnostics15182342"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/diagnostics15182342","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-4418"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2075-4418"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,16]]}}}