{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T11:11:46Z","timestamp":1780398706969,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]],"date-time":"2025-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761350400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Orbital floor fractures are primarily caused by blunt trauma to the area around the eyes. These injuries most commonly affect the orbital floor and medial wall due to the fragility of these structures. The mechanism typically involves transmission of force through the orbital rim or an acute increase in intraorbital pressure caused by globe displacement. Blowout fractures often occur alongside additional maxillofacial fractures and periorbital soft tissue injuries. The reported causes mirror those of general maxillofacial trauma and include motor vehicle collisions, interpersonal violence, falls, sports-related injuries, incidents involving firearms, and occupational accidents. Here, we present the case of a 56-year-old male patient who sustained an exceptionally rare injury pattern characterized by a complete orbital floor fracture with globe dislocation into the maxillary sinus. Such extensive fractures are associated with significant functional impairments, including diplopia, enophthalmos, and restricted extraocular muscle movement, as well as marked aesthetic deformity. Comprehensive diagnostic imaging, comprising coronal, sagittal, and three-dimensional CT reconstructions, was crucial for accurately assessing the extent of bony disruption and soft tissue involvement. Particular emphasis should be placed on imaging that clearly delineates the extraocular muscles and the optic nerve, as precise evaluation of these structures is essential for surgical planning and prognosis. Surgical management involved repositioning of the globe and the orbital contents, followed by reconstruction of the orbital floor using a titanium mesh anchored to the infraorbital rim. This case highlights the technical challenges of total orbital floor reconstruction, emphasizing the importance of meticulous anatomical restoration for achieving optimal functional and aesthetic outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics15212705","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T07:31:58Z","timestamp":1761550318000},"page":"2705","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["An Exceptional Case of Blow-Out Fracture with Complete Globe Dislocation into the Maxillary Sinus: Diagnostic Imaging and Surgical Reconstruction"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3819-3499","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krzysztof","family":"G\u0105siorowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Cracow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8180-948X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Gontarz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Cracow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1032-3084","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jakub","family":"Bargiel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Cracow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6257-7505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomasz","family":"Marecik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Cracow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7185-0633","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gra\u017cyna","family":"Wyszy\u0144ska-Pawelec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 30-688 Cracow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1080\/01676830.2020.1744670","article-title":"Radiological findings of orbital blowout fractures: A review","volume":"40","author":"Valencia","year":"2021","journal-title":"Orbit"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.coms.2023.02.001","article-title":"Imaging of maxillofacial trauma","volume":"35","author":"Fabrega","year":"2023","journal-title":"Oral Maxillofac. Surg. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Michalik, W., Toppich, J., \u0141uksza, A., Bargiel, J., G\u0105siorowski, K., Marecik, T., Szczurowski, P., Wyszy\u0144ska-Pawelec, G., and Gontarz, M. (2025). Exploring the correlation of epidemiological and clinical factors with facial injury severity scores in maxillofacial trauma: A comprehensive analysis. Front. Oral Health, 6.","DOI":"10.3389\/froh.2025.1532133"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.2334\/josnusd.20-0371","article-title":"Surgical treatment of enophthalmos in children and adolescents with pure orbital blowout fracture","volume":"63","author":"Koryczan","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Oral Sci."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"G\u0105siorowski, K., Gontarz, M., Bargiel, J., Marecik, T., Szczurowski, P., and Wyszy\u0144ska-Pawelec, G. (2024). Reconstructive techniques following malignant eyelid tumour excision\u2014Our experience. J. Clin. Med., 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13206120"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.17219\/dmp\/130815","article-title":"Comparison of the results of the treatment of enophthalmos in orbital blowout fracture in children\/adolescents and adults","volume":"58","author":"Koryczan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dent. Med. Probl."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e391","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000009319","article-title":"Surgical treatment of blowout fracture: A new perspective","volume":"34","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Craniofac. Surg."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e254055","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2022-254055","article-title":"Severe orbital blowout fracture: Complete displacement of the globe into the maxillary sinus","volume":"16","author":"Steel","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1007\/s12663-020-01407-x","article-title":"Reconstruction of orbital floor fractures with titanium micromesh: Our experience","volume":"21","author":"Chattopadhyay","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Maxillofac. Oral Surg."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1007\/s10006-022-01074-x","article-title":"Orbital Reconstruction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Evaluating the Role of Patient-Specific Implants","volume":"27","author":"Kotecha","year":"2023","journal-title":"Oral Maxillofac. Surg."}],"container-title":["Diagnostics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4418\/15\/21\/2705\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T05:21:29Z","timestamp":1761715289000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4418\/15\/21\/2705"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"21","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]}},"alternative-id":["diagnostics15212705"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/diagnostics15212705","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-4418"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2075-4418","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,25]]}}}