{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T04:20:09Z","timestamp":1790050809648,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Clinical Significance: We present an 85-year-old male case of primary hepatic SCC manifesting as multiple liver nodules with atypical imaging findings. Case Presentation: The patient was negative for hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis C virus antibody. Serum tumor markers were all within normal limits. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography with perflubutane demonstrated hypervascular nodules in the early vascular phase, early washout in the portal phase, and a defect in the postvascular phase (10 mm in S5 and 25 mm in S6). Histopathological examination revealed irregularly shaped tumor cells with large hyperchromatic nuclei and basophilic cytoplasm, surrounded by dense fibrous stroma forming cords, solid nests, and sheet-like structures. Immunohistochemical analysis showed positivity for AE1\/AE3, p40, CK5\/6, c-kit, and NCAM. Conclusions: The lesions were diagnosed as primary hepatic squamous cell carcinoma and suggested the possible involvement of hepatic progenitor cells, supporting the hypothesis of de novo carcinogenesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics16010120","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T09:18:56Z","timestamp":1767345536000},"page":"120","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Primary Hepatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6924-6485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soo Ryang","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Kobe Asahi Hospital, Kobe 653-0801, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5527-6555","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soo Ki","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Kobe Asahi Hospital, Kobe 653-0801, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1708-9828","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hisato","family":"Kobayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Kobe Asahi Hospital, Kobe 653-0801, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9169-7998","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Toyokazu","family":"Okuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Kobe Asahi Hospital, Kobe 653-0801, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2792-4468","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yumi","family":"Fujii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Kobe Asahi Hospital, Kobe 653-0801, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-1583-4564","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Makiho","family":"Sakamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Kobe Asahi Hospital, Kobe 653-0801, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3022-8466","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yu-ichiro","family":"Koma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0602-1350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Osamu","family":"Nakashima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Mary\u2019s Hospital, Laboratory Services Center, Kurume 830-8543, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2514-760X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Motoko","family":"Sasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Pathology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2915-7875","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akira","family":"Asai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-8686, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-0488-3297","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroki","family":"Nishikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki 569-8686, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"868","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000000868","article-title":"Primary squamous cell carcinoma of liver: Case series and review of literatures","volume":"94","author":"Zhang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.2147\/CMAR.S290523","article-title":"Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the liver is rare but hostile: Case series and comprehensive review of the literature","volume":"13","author":"Xiao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer Manag. 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