{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T22:31:13Z","timestamp":1787869873022,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":231,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767830400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Uveitis constitutes a heterogeneous group of intraocular inflammatory pathologies, including both infectious and non-infectious aetiologies, often leading to substantial morbidity and permanent loss of vision in up to 20% of the affected cases. Visual impairment is most prominent in intermediate, posterior, or panuveitis and is commonly associated with cystoid macular oedema, epiretinal membranes, macular holes, and retinal detachment. In the context of uveitis, these complications arise as a result of recurrent flare-ups or chronic inflammation, contributing to cumulative ocular damage. Pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) has an evolving role in the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to uveitis. Diagnostic PPV allows for the analysis of vitreous fluid and tissue using techniques such as PCR, flow cytometry, cytology, and cultures, providing further insights into intraocular immune responses. Therapeutic PPV can be employed for the management of structural complications associated with uveitis, in a wide spectrum of inflammatory clinical entities such as Adamantiades\u2013Beh\u00e7et disease, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, acute retinal necrosis, or ocular toxoplasmosis. Modern small-gauge and minimally invasive techniques improve visual outcomes, reduce intraocular inflammation, and may decrease reliance on systemic immunosuppression. Emerging technologies, including robot-assisted systems, are expected to enhance surgical precision and safety in the future. Despite these advances, PPV outcomes remain variable due to heterogeneity in indications, surgical techniques, and postoperative management. Prospective studies with standardized protocols, detailed subgroup analyses, and the integration of immunological profiling are needed to define which patients benefit most, optimize therapeutic strategies, and establish predictive biomarkers in uveitis management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics16020198","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T11:11:21Z","timestamp":1767870681000},"page":"198","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The Impact of Vitreoretinal Surgery in Patients with Uveitis: Current Strategies and Emerging Perspectives"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6404-5409","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Kalogeropoulos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Department, Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Mandeville Rd, Aylesbury HP21 8AL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5303-7793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofia","family":"Androudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Department, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, 41110 Larissa, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3275-5144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Latasiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Department, Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Mandeville Rd, Aylesbury HP21 8AL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4777-9897","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Youssef","family":"Helmy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Department, Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Mandeville Rd, Aylesbury HP21 8AL, UK"},{"name":"Kasr Al-Ainy, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo 4240310, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ambreen","family":"Kalhoro Tunio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Department, Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Mandeville Rd, Aylesbury HP21 8AL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1963-3484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Markus","family":"Groppe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Department, Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Mandeville Rd, Aylesbury HP21 8AL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mandeep","family":"Bindra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Department, Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Mandeville Rd, Aylesbury HP21 8AL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Elnaggar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ophthalmology Department, Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Mandeville Rd, Aylesbury HP21 8AL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3884-4965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georgios","family":"Vartholomatos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haematology Laboratory, Unit of Molecular Biology, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Farid","family":"Afshar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southampton Eye Unit, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6908-0924","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chris","family":"Kalogeropoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2025.4358","article-title":"Uveitis in Adults: A Review","volume":"334","author":"Maghsoudlou","year":"2025","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3633","DOI":"10.1007\/s10792-023-02772-5","article-title":"The large Hellenic Study of Uveitis: Epidemiology, etiologic factors and classification","volume":"43","author":"Kalogeropoulos","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int. 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