{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T19:56:23Z","timestamp":1788897383052,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767830400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["J23\/00035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["J23\/00035"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Institut d\u2019Investigacions Biom\u00e8diques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Positron emission tomography (PET) is a valuable tool in the diagnosis of cardiovascular infections. However, increased radiotracer uptake can also be observed in non-infectious inflammatory processes, leading to potential false positives. This study analyzed the uptake related to left atrial appendage closure devices (LAACD\u2014AtriClip\u00ae) to determine its association with infectious or inflammatory processes. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 28 PET\/CT scans from 20 patients with implanted LAACDs: 24 using 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) and 4 using 18F-Choline (CHO). Clinical, laboratory, and imaging data were reviewed, and PET uptake was measured semi-quantitatively. All patients had at least 12 months of follow-up after PET imaging to assess for evidence of device-related infection. Results: Homogeneous PET uptake in the LAACD was observed in 93% (26\/28) of the PET studies, regardless of the radiotracer used, clinical indication, or time since implantation. Clinical follow-up and laboratory findings revealed no signs of infection related to the LAACD in any case. SUV ratios did not differ significantly between the three PET indication groups (infection, neoplasia, or other; p = 0.46), nor between scans performed in patients with and without other confirmed infections unrelated to the LAACD (p = 0.37). Conclusions: FDG and CHO uptake in LAACDs appears to be a consistent and reproducible finding, most likely reflecting a sterile inflammatory response postoperative inflammatory uptake rather than true infection. Clear recognition of this uptake pattern is important to prevent misinterpretation and reduce the risk of false-positive PET\/CT results in patients evaluated for suspected cardiovascular infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics16020200","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T12:56:55Z","timestamp":1767877015000},"page":"200","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["False-Positive PET Uptake in Left Atrial Appendage Closure Devices Due to Postoperative Inflammatory Response"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9991-1127","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Meneses","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic, Institut d\u2019Investigacions Biom\u00e8diques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7075-943X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guillermo","family":"Cuervo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic, Institut d\u2019Investigacions Biom\u00e8diques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ICSIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6500-063X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Tormo-Ratera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Medicine Department, Hospital Clinic, Institut d\u2019Investigacions Biom\u00e8diques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuel","family":"Castell\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clinic, Institut d\u2019Investigacions Biom\u00e8diques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Maristany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic, Institut d\u2019Investigacions Biom\u00e8diques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda","family":"Tolosana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Department, Hospital Clinic, Institut d\u2019Investigacions Biom\u00e8diques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduard","family":"Quintana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiovascular Surgery Department, Hospital Clinic, Institut d\u2019Investigacions Biom\u00e8diques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3483-3786","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Falces","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Department, Hospital Clinic, Institut d\u2019Investigacions Biom\u00e8diques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Vidal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Department, Hospital Clinic, Institut d\u2019Investigacions Biom\u00e8diques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Garcia-de-la-M\u00e0ria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic, Institut d\u2019Investigacions Biom\u00e8diques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0521-7204","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda-Alexandra","family":"Ca\u00f1as","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic, Institut d\u2019Investigacions Biom\u00e8diques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaime","family":"Llopis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Statistics, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, 08007 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5850-5007","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asunci\u00f3n","family":"Moreno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic, Institut d\u2019Investigacions Biom\u00e8diques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8057-7755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda","family":"Mir\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Clinic, Institut d\u2019Investigacions Biom\u00e8diques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ICSIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Reial Academia de Medicina de Catalunya (RAMC), 08001 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4190-2425","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andr\u00e9s","family":"Perissinotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuclear Medicine Department, Hospital Clinic, Institut d\u2019Investigacions Biom\u00e8diques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), 08036 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Biomedical Research Networking Center of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ICSIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the Hospital Clinic Endocarditis Study Group\u00a0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Cl\u00ednic Barcelona Nuclear Medicine Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1726","DOI":"10.2967\/jnumed.116.173690","article-title":"Hospital Clinic Endocarditis Study Group. 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