{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T10:03:43Z","timestamp":1780049023431,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":116,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767916800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Doppler assessment of fetal cerebral circulation has become a cornerstone of modern fetal medicine. It is used to evaluate cerebral vascular malformations, brain anomalies, fetal growth restriction due to placental insufficiency, fetal anemia, and hemodynamic complications arising from placental vascular anastomoses in monochorionic pregnancies. Emerging research also explores the predictive value of Doppler parameters for perinatal outcomes and long-term neurodevelopment. To review the anatomy and physiology of fetal cerebral vessels accessible to Doppler evaluation, outline key technical aspects, and summarize current obstetric applications. A PubMed search identified 113 relevant publications, published between 1984 and 2025. Three book chapters by authors recognized internationally within the scientific community were included. A total of 116 publications were critically analyzed in this narrative review. Strong evidence supports the use of Doppler ultrasound in obstetrics, particularly for evaluating fetal cerebral hemodynamics, where it contributes to reducing fetal morbidity and mortality. Doppler assessment of fetal brain circulation is a valuable tool for evaluating brain vascular malformations, other structural abnormalities, and for assessing fetuses with growth restriction, anemia, and twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome. It allows targeted fetal monitoring and timely interventions, providing critical prognostic information and aiding parental counseling. Ongoing advances in Doppler technology and understanding of fetal brain physiology are likely to broaden its clinical uses, improving both perinatal outcomes and long-term neurological health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics16020214","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T10:35:52Z","timestamp":1767954952000},"page":"214","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Doppler\u00a0Assessment of the Fetal Brain Circulation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2837-945X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Isabel","family":"S\u00e1","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Servi\u00e7o de Obstetr\u00edcia, Departamento da Mulher e da Medicina Reprodutiva, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Unidade Local de Sa\u00fade de Santo Ant\u00f3nio, Largo Prof. Abel Salazar, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8366-830X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miriam","family":"Illa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de D\u00e9u (IRSJD), Fundaci\u00f3 Sant Joan de D\u00e9u, 08950 Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Spanish Network in Maternal, Neonatal, Child and Developmental Health Research (RICORS-SAMID, RD24\/0013\/0004), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0491-0752","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu\u00eds","family":"Guedes-Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Ci\u00eancias Biom\u00e9dicas Abel Salazar, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Servi\u00e7o de Obstetr\u00edcia, Departamento da Mulher e da Medicina Reprodutiva, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, Unidade Local de Sa\u00fade de Santo Ant\u00f3nio, Largo Prof. Abel Salazar, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Unidade de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Forma\u00e7\u00e3o, Centro Materno Infantil do Norte, 4099-001 Porto, Portugal"},{"name":"Instituto de Investiga\u00e7\u00e3o e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o em Sa\u00fade, Universidade do Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.11152\/mu-3845","article-title":"History of ultrasound in obstetrics and gynaecology from 1971 to 2021 on occasion of the 50 years anniversary of EFSUMB","volume":"25","author":"Merz","year":"2023","journal-title":"Med. 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