{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T22:31:57Z","timestamp":1791498717847,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]],"date-time":"2026-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772236800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Clinical Significance: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (TB) remains a diagnostic challenge, particularly when affecting rare sites such as the oral cavity and digestive tract. We report the case of a 55-year-old woman with disseminated (miliary) tuberculosis presenting with atypical oral lesions initially suspected to represent a malignant tumor. Case Presentation: The patient had a history of recurrent depressive disorder, cognitive impairment, sleep disturbances, and nicotine\/alcohol dependence. She presented with painful ulcerations of the oral cavity, dysphagia, odynophagia, and glossodynia. Otolaryngologic examination revealed reduced tongue mobility and an ulceroinfiltrative lesion involving the floor of the mouth and the lower alveolar ridge. Fibroscopic evaluation confirmed infiltrative ulcerative lesions, and biopsy samples were obtained. Histopathologic examination revealed a chronic necrotizing granulomatous inflammation with multinucleated giant cells, consistent with a mycobacterial infection. Further investigations confirmed disseminated (miliary) tuberculosis with oral and digestive involvement. Antituberculous therapy was initiated; however, despite temporary stabilization, the patient\u2019s condition progressively worsened and the outcome was fatal. Conclusions: Oral and digestive tuberculosis, although rare, should be considered in the differential diagnosis of ulceroinfiltrative lesions of the oral cavity, particularly in patients with systemic symptoms or risk factors for TB. Early histopathologic confirmation and initiation of specific therapy are essential for favorable outcomes and prevention of misdiagnosis as malignant disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics16050727","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T15:22:21Z","timestamp":1772551341000},"page":"727","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Complex Disseminated Tuberculosis with Oral and Gastrointestinal Involvement: Histopathologic and Clinical Insights"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Nicoleta","family":"Zurb\u0103u","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVasile Goldis\u201d Western University of Arad, 94\u201396 Revolutiei Avenue, 310025 Arad, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-9542-0035","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Imola","family":"Miklos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVasile Goldis\u201d Western University of Arad, Blvd. Revolutiei, No. 96, 310045 Arad, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-0121-9629","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Laura Ioana","family":"Bondar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, University Street, No. 1, 410087 Oradea, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Denis Bogdan","family":"Butari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVasile Goldis\u201d Western University of Arad, Blvd. Revolutiei, No. 96, 310025 Arad, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florin Mihai","family":"\u0218andor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVasile Goldis\u201d Western University of Arad, Blvd. Revolutiei, No. 96, 310025 Arad, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Daniela","family":"Mo\u021b","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine, \u201cVasile Goldis\u201d Western University of Arad, Blvd. Revolutiei, No. 96, 310025 Arad, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4148-7949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana-Liana","family":"Bouro\u0219 T\u0103taru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology and Life Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVasile Goldis\u201d Western University of Arad, Blvd. Revolutiei, No. 96, 310025 Arad, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2824-7182","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nilima Rajpal","family":"Kundnani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology-Internal Medicine and Ambulatory Care, Prevention and Cardiovascular Recovery, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-1725-3749","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Casiana","family":"Boru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, \u201cVasile Goldis\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 310414 Arad, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula Irina","family":"Barata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVasile Goldis\u201d Western University of Arad, Blvd. Revolutiei, No. 96, 310045 Arad, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-96883-9_1","article-title":"Tuberculosis: An Ongoing Global Threat","volume":"1484","author":"Farnia","year":"2026","journal-title":"Adv. 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