{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:39:00Z","timestamp":1787027940509,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773619200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Crohn\u2019s disease (CD) is a complex inflammatory bowel disease, defined by chronic transmural inflammation and marked heterogeneity in both anatomical distribution and disease behavior, with potential involvement of any segment of the gastrointestinal tract and multiple phenotypes. Advanced cross-sectional imaging nowadays plays a central role in CD management, reliably assessing both luminal and extraluminal inflammatory manifestations, supporting initial diagnosis, phenotypic characterization, and longitudinal monitoring of disease activity, complications and treatment response. Over the last two decades, Intestinal Ultrasound (IUS), MR Enterography (MRE), and Computed Tomography Enterography (CTE) have become central components of the diagnostic pathway. MRE has emerged as the most comprehensive, radiation-free modality for evaluating intestinal extent, inflammatory activity, and complications in Crohn\u2019s disease. Multiparametric MRE, combining T2-weighted imaging, contrast-enhanced sequences, diffusion-weighted imaging, and cine acquisitions, enables a real \u201cCrohn\u2019s disease staging\u201d, namely a thorough evaluation of the transmural inflammation, of fibrotic and fistulizing lesions in the small and large bowel, as well as in the perianal region. IUS provides a dynamic, widely accessible, safe and repeatable imaging technique that is particularly well suited for tight-monitoring strategies, early assessment of therapeutic response, and routine follow-up, especially in experienced centers. Notably CTE, despite concerns related to cumulative ionizing radiation exposure, remains indispensable in acute clinical settings owing to its rapid acquisition, broad availability, and high diagnostic accuracy for detecting abscesses, perforation, and bowel obstruction. Combined, these three modalities offer a complementary and patient-tailored framework for optimal CD management. This review outlines the pathological complexity of Crohn\u2019s disease, traces the evolution of imaging approaches, and provides a comparative overview highlighting the specific strengths and limitations of each modality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics16060882","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T10:21:41Z","timestamp":1773742901000},"page":"882","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Comprehensive Imaging Evaluation and Staging of Crohn\u2019s Disease: When and Why to Use Intestinal Ultrasound, MRE, or CTE: Current Guidelines and Future Directions"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7599-0289","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Maccioni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ludovica","family":"Busato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenza","family":"Bottino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Longhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Valenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5876-3199","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maddalena","family":"Zippi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy, Sandro Pertini Hospital, 00157 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4208-9691","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlo","family":"Catalano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiological Sciences, Oncology and Pathology, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-0156-2","article-title":"Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"6","author":"Roda","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Dis. Primers"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"661","article-title":"Crohn\u2019s Disease: Diagnosis and Management","volume":"98","author":"Veauthier","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am. Fam. Physician"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1053\/j.sempedsurg.2017.10.003","article-title":"Clinical presentation of Crohn\u2019s, ulcerative colitis, and indeterminate colitis: Symptoms, extraintestinal manifestations, and disease phenotypes","volume":"26","author":"Yu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Semin. Pediatr. Surg."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2019.08.033","article-title":"Histopathology Scoring Systems of Stenosis Associated with Small Bowel Crohn\u2019s Disease: A Systematic Review","volume":"158","author":"Gordon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/s002619900165","article-title":"Imaging modalities in the puzzling world of inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"22","author":"Rioux","year":"1997","journal-title":"Abdom. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1007\/s002610000004","article-title":"Evaluation of Crohn disease activity with magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"25","author":"Maccioni","year":"2000","journal-title":"Abdom. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1097\/01.mnm.0000169205.21377.6a","article-title":"Inflammatory bowel diseases: Clinical update of practical guidelines","volume":"26","author":"Viscido","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nucl. Med. Commun."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crohns.2013.02.020","article-title":"Imaging techniques for assessment of inflammatory bowel disease: Joint ECCO and ESGAR evidence-based consensus guidelines","volume":"7","author":"Panes","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Crohn\u2019s Colitis"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjy113","article-title":"ECCO\u2013ESGAR Guideline for Diagnostic Assessment in IBD. Part 1: Initial diagnosis, monitoring of known IBD, detection of complications","volume":"13","author":"Maaser","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Crohn\u2019s Colitis"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"jjaf106","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjaf106","article-title":"ECCO-ESGAR-ESP-IBUS Guideline on Diagnostics and Monitoring of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Part 1","volume":"19","author":"Kucharzik","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Crohn\u2019s Colitis"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2008.167957","article-title":"Magnetic resonance for assessment of disease activity and severity in ileocolonic Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"58","author":"Rimola","year":"2009","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2013.10.055","article-title":"Accuracy of magnetic resonance enterography in assessing response to therapy and mucosal healing in Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"146","author":"Rimola","year":"2014","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1756284818765956","DOI":"10.1177\/1756284818765956","article-title":"A review of magnetic resonance enterography-based indices for quantification of Crohn\u2019s disease inflammation","volume":"11","author":"Rozendorn","year":"2018","journal-title":"Therap. Adv. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_14","first-page":"7857352","article-title":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Small Bowel in Crohn\u2019s Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"2016","author":"Ahmed","year":"2016","journal-title":"Can. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2381040244","article-title":"MR imaging in patients with Crohn disease: Value of T2-versus T1-weighted gadolinium-enhanced MR sequences with use of an oral superparamagnetic contrast agent","volume":"238","author":"Maccioni","year":"2006","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"944","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-012-9853-y","article-title":"Value of T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging in the assessment of wall inflammation and fibrosis in Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"37","author":"Maccioni","year":"2012","journal-title":"Abdom. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"432440","article-title":"Characterization of inflammation and fibrosis in Crohn\u2019s disease lesions by magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"110","author":"Rimola","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.12201","article-title":"Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Detecting and Assessing Ileal Inflammation in Crohn\u2019s Disease","volume":"37","author":"Buisson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2327","DOI":"10.1007\/s00261-019-02167-0","article-title":"Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance for assessing fibrosis in Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"45","author":"Caruso","year":"2020","journal-title":"Abdom. Radiol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2587","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2021-326562","article-title":"Recent advances in clinical practice: Advances in cross-sectional imaging in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"71","author":"Rimola","year":"2022","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e241452","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.241452","article-title":"How I Do it: Cross-sectional Imaging in Small-Bowel Crohn Disease and Ulcerative Colitis","volume":"314","author":"Hameed","year":"2025","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20140330","DOI":"10.1259\/bjr.20140330","article-title":"The challenge of segmental small bowel motility quantitation using MR enterography","volume":"87","author":"Menys","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br. J. Radiol."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1111\/nmo.12735","article-title":"Comparative quantitative assessment of global small bowel motility using magnetic resonance imaging in chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction and healthy controls","volume":"28","author":"Menys","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurogastroenterol. Motil."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1016\/S2468-1253(18)30161-4","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance enterography and small bowel ultrasound for the extent and activity of newly diagnosed and relapsed Crohn\u2019s disease (METRIC): A multicentre trial","volume":"3","author":"Mallett","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2019.03.051","article-title":"Development and Validation of a Simplified Magnetic Resonance Index of Activity for Crohn\u2019s Disease","volume":"157","author":"Rimola","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D\u2019Amico, F., Chateau, T., Laurent, V., Danese, S., and Peyrin-Biroulet, L. (2020). Which MRI Score and Technique Should Be Used for Assessing Crohn\u2019s Disease Activity?. J. Clin. Med., 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9061691"},{"key":"ref_27","first-page":"190","article-title":"A review of magnetic resonance enterography based Crohn\u2019s disease activity indices in paediatric patients","volume":"17","author":"Herman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Prz. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"W25","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.18.19876","article-title":"Comparison of MRI Activity Scoring Systems and Features for the Terminal Ileum in Patients with Crohn Disease","volume":"212","author":"Puylaert","year":"2019","journal-title":"AJR Am. J. Roentgenol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2025.07.048","article-title":"Is transmural healing better than mucosal healing in pediatric Crohn\u2019s disease?","volume":"57","author":"Rotulo","year":"2025","journal-title":"Dig. Liver Dis."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4045","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2024.03.044","article-title":"Local Assessment Small Bowel Crohn\u2019s Disease Severity Scoring using AI","volume":"31","author":"Enchakalody","year":"2024","journal-title":"Acad. Radiol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izac211","article-title":"Integrating Radiomics with Clinicoradiological Scoring Can Predict High-Risk Patients Who Need Surgery in Crohn\u2019s Disease: A Pilot Study","volume":"29","author":"Chirra","year":"2023","journal-title":"Inflamm. Bowel Dis."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1565","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.26330","article-title":"Curved planar reformatting and convolutional neural network-based segmentation of the small bowel for visualization and quantitative assessment of pediatric Crohn\u2019s disease from MRI","volume":"49","author":"Lamash","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Magn. Reson. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1002\/ueg2.12196","article-title":"Ultrasonography in inflammatory bowel disease\u2014So far we are?","volume":"10","author":"Maaser","year":"2022","journal-title":"United Eur. Gastroenterol. J."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2023.01.021","article-title":"Intestinal ultrasound in the assessment and management of inflammatory bowel disease: Is it ready for standard practice?","volume":"164","author":"Allocca","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"jjaf011","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjaf011","article-title":"Systematic review on definitions of intestinal ultrasound response and remission in IBD","volume":"19","author":"Allocca","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Crohn\u2019s Colitis"},{"key":"ref_36","first-page":"273","article-title":"Usefulness of intestinal ultrasound in inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"62","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiologia"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1321","DOI":"10.1002\/jum.16191","article-title":"Relationships between intestinal ultrasound parameters and histopathologic findings in Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"42","author":"Allocca","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Ultrasound Med."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1177\/2050640620980203","article-title":"Milan ultrasound criteria are accurate in assessing disease activity in ulcerative colitis: External validation","volume":"9","author":"Allocca","year":"2021","journal-title":"United Eur. Gastroenterol. J."},{"key":"ref_39","first-page":"64","article-title":"CT enterography","volume":"35","author":"Zamboni","year":"2010","journal-title":"Abdom. Imaging"},{"key":"ref_40","first-page":"313","article-title":"Computed tomography of Crohn\u2019s disease: The role of CT enterography in the evaluation of small bowel and extraintestinal manifestations","volume":"5","author":"Raman","year":"2013","journal-title":"World J. Radiol."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2291020877","article-title":"Assessment of small-bowel Crohn disease: Noninvasive peroral CT enterography compared with other imaging methods","volume":"229","author":"Wold","year":"2003","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref_42","first-page":"236","article-title":"Perianal imaging in Crohn disease: Current status with a focus on MRI","volume":"219","author":"Greer","year":"2022","journal-title":"AJR Am. J. Roentgenol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4734","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-020-06826-5","article-title":"ESGAR consensus statement on the imaging of fistula-in-ano and other causes of anal sepsis","volume":"30","author":"Halligan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. Radiol."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2010.10.022","article-title":"Long-term monitoring of infliximab therapy for perianal fistulizing Crohn\u2019s disease by using clinical evaluation and magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"9","author":"Karmiris","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4285","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v23.i23.4285","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging may predict deep remission in patients with perianal fistulizing Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"23","author":"Thomassin","year":"2017","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110611","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v31.i34.110611","article-title":"Imaging in perianal fistulising Crohn\u2019s disease: A practical guide","volume":"31","author":"Habeeb","year":"2025","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9270(02)05909-9","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging of the effects of infliximab on perianal fistulizing Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"98","author":"Vanbeckevoort","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20075","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000020075","article-title":"Modified Van Assche magnetic resonance imaging-based score for assessing the clinical status of anal fistulas","volume":"99","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1233","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2019.07.027","article-title":"Development and validation of a magnetic resonance index for assessing fistulizing Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"157","author":"Hindryckx","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"708","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjab168","article-title":"Fibrosis and MAGNIFI-CD Activity Index at Magnetic Resonance Imaging to Predict Treatment Outcome in Perianal Fistulizing Crohn\u2019s Disease Patients","volume":"16","author":"Bossuyt","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Crohn\u2019s Colitis"},{"key":"ref_51","first-page":"24","article-title":"The role of MRI in perianal fistulizing disease: Diagnostic strategies and clinical implications","volume":"15","author":"Arkenbosch","year":"2024","journal-title":"Insights Imaging"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1450","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjae042","article-title":"Magnetic Resonance Enterography and Intestinal Ultrasound for the Assessment and Monitoring of Crohn\u2019s Disease","volume":"18","author":"Kumar","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Crohn\u2019s Colitis"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5082","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-019-6006-5","article-title":"MRI reveals different Crohn\u2019s disease phenotypes in children and adults","volume":"29","author":"Maccioni","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur. Radiol."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1093\/ibd\/izad134","article-title":"Recommendations for Standardizing MRI-Based Evaluation of Perianal Fistulizing Disease Activity in Pediatric Crohn\u2019s Disease Clinical Trials","volume":"30","author":"Crowley","year":"2024","journal-title":"Inflamm. Bowel Dis."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"i681","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjae190.0427","article-title":"P0253 Identification of baseline Pediatric Crohn\u2019s disease location and complications: How do intestinal ultrasound and magnetic resonance enterography compare?","volume":"19","author":"Morrissey","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Crohn\u2019s Colitis"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1493","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjac052","article-title":"Intestinal ultrasound for differentiating fibrotic and inflammatory strictures in Crohn\u2019s disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"16","author":"Xu","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Crohn\u2019s Colitis"}],"container-title":["Diagnostics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4418\/16\/6\/882\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,17]],"date-time":"2026-03-17T10:33:18Z","timestamp":1773743598000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2075-4418\/16\/6\/882"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]]},"references-count":56,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]}},"alternative-id":["diagnostics16060882"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/diagnostics16060882","relation":{},"ISSN":["2075-4418"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2075-4418","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]]}}}