{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T12:44:53Z","timestamp":1773837893253,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773792000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a prevalent autoimmune disorder affecting neuromuscular junctions, typically characterized by muscle weakness due to autoantibodies targeting acetylcholine receptors (AChR) or muscle-specific kinase (MuSK). Generalized MG is a more severe form of the condition than ocular MG. Although MG can strike at any age, young adult women are typically affected, especially in their reproductive years. MG is rare during pregnancy, with the first trimester and the postpartum period being the most common times for exacerbations. The influence of MG on pregnancy outcomes remains ambiguous, with some studies finding larger prevalence of issues such as preterm birth and small-for-gestational-age babies, while others indicate results similar to the general population. Management of MG during pregnancy necessitates careful monitoring and drug adjustments. Teratogenic concerns make several immunosuppressive drugs, such mycophenolate mofetil and methotrexate, contraindicated. In contrast, medications like prednisolone and pyridostigmine are generally recognized as safe. Women with MG may have flare-ups after giving birth, and infants may have transient neonatal myasthenia gravis. Comprehensive prenatal treatment and multidisciplinary assistance are crucial for promoting maternal and fetal health during pregnancy in women with MG. This paper examines the relevance of immunological biomarkers, RNAs, and other novel biomarkers in myasthenia gravis (MG). It emphasizes the need for more investigation to determine their role in the pathogenesis of MG, evaluate biomarker profiles across subgroups, and look at changes after treatment. The study also underlines the significance of high-throughput investigations to detect new biomarkers and reveal genetic variables impacting MG pathogenesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics16060899","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T09:10:04Z","timestamp":1773825004000},"page":"899","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Myasthenia Gravis in Pregnancy: Prenatal and Postnatal Diagnostic Challenges\u2014A Narrative Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9296-3688","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angeliki","family":"Gerede","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis Campus, 69100 Alexandroupolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Danavasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis Campus, 69100 Alexandroupolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2177-953X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Efthymios","family":"Oikonomou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis Campus, 69100 Alexandroupolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Panayiota","family":"Papasozomenou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Science, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vasiliki","family":"Kourti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis Campus, 69100 Alexandroupolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7716-1521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anastasios","family":"Potiris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University General Hospital \u201cATTIKON\u201d, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5895-6887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christos","family":"Chatzakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \u201cAretaieion\u201d University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sofoklis","family":"Stavros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University General Hospital \u201cATTIKON\u201d, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 12462 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nikoletta","family":"Koutlaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis Campus, 69100 Alexandroupolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4967-2505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Makarios","family":"Eleftheriadis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \u201cAretaieion\u201d University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1177\/1753495X211041899","article-title":"Myasthenia gravis in pregnancy: Systematic review and case series","volume":"15","author":"Banner","year":"2022","journal-title":"Obstet. 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