{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T04:39:02Z","timestamp":1787027942241,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":99,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is on the rise, with sarcopenia accompanying CKD in an estimated 25% of patients, featuring as a potentially debilitating issue that should not be overlooked. Sarcopenia, characterized by a loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, is multifactorial. The aging process, uremic toxins, systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, gut dysbiosis, hormonal dysregulation, dietary deficits, and even air pollution are among the major parameters being implicated in sarcopenia among patients with CKD. Additionally, the existence of various comorbidities, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), depression, and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), also contribute to the chronic low-grade inflammation associated with skeletal muscle inflammation and atrophy. The purpose of this review is to delve into the complex interplay of multiple factors being involved in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia in patients with CKD. Moreover, we aim to shed light upon nutritional aspects that could delay the development and progression of sarcopenia among patients with CKD. To address vitamin D deficiency, micronutrients and macronutrients together with physical activity remain the cornerstone of delaying the progression of sarcopenia in this sub-population. Additionally, experimental drugs exhibiting therapeutic potential are also being discussed. As sarcopenia and quality of life are interconnected, the timely recognition of sarcopenia, together with nutritional and therapeutic interventions, is of the utmost importance in our crusade for a better quality of life (QoL) in patients with CKD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics16071063","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T14:59:01Z","timestamp":1775055541000},"page":"1063","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Unravelling Sarcopenia in Chronic Kidney Disease: From Pathogenesis to Diagnosis and Therapeutics"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3874-5393","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia G.","family":"Vallianou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Internal Medicine, Sismanogleio General Hospital, 15126 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Apostolos A.","family":"Evangelopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerasimos Socrates","family":"Christodoulatos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Sismanogleio General Hospital, 15126 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ioanna","family":"Tantsi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Internal Medicine, Sismanogleio General Hospital, 15126 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikos","family":"Mantouvalos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Internal Medicine, Sismanogleio General Hospital, 15126 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Chatzis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Internal Medicine, Sismanogleio General Hospital, 15126 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3186-7099","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Theodora","family":"Stratigou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetes and Endocrinology Department, Evangelismos General Hospital, 10676 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleni V.","family":"Geladari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Third Department of Internal Medicine, Evangelismos General Hospital, 10676 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyriaki","family":"Constantinou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Department of Surgery, Sismanogleio General Hospital, 15126 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandros","family":"Tousis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Patras, 26504 Patra, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4338-4879","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dimitris C.","family":"Kounatidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Diabetes Center, First Propaedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Laiko General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) CKD Work Group (2024). 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