{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T17:54:29Z","timestamp":1785434069583,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012190","name":"Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["075-15-2025-013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["075-15-2025-013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012190","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["075-15-2025-013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["075-15-2025-013"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00ghqgy32","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Almazov National Medical Research Center"},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03qepc107","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Central nervous system tuberculosis (CNS-TB) is a severe extrapulmonary manifestation of tuberculosis associated with high morbidity and mortality, particularly in children. While tuberculous meningitis remains the predominant form, focal parenchymal lesions such as tuberculomas and abscesses are less common. Cerebellar tuberculomas represent an exceptionally rare localization and may mimic posterior fossa tumors, leading to diagnostic delay. This article provides an updated review of CNS tuberculosis with special emphasis on pediatric epidemiology and cerebellar involvement, and presents a clinical case of surgically treated cerebellar tuberculoma. This clinical case demonstrates the difficulties in differential diagnosis of cerebellar tuberculosis from a tumor in this location.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics16091326","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T13:26:41Z","timestamp":1777382801000},"page":"1326","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cerebellar Tuberculoma as a Rare Manifestation of Central Nervous System Tuberculosis: Literature Review and Clinical Case"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9023-6986","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Starshinova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irina","family":"Dovgalyuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anastasia","family":"Kulpina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, Saint Petersburg State University, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1878-4467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dmitry","family":"Kudlay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Sechenov University, 119002 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"NRC Institute of Immunology FMBA of Russia, 115522 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olga","family":"Rasmologova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lubov","family":"Mitrofanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Almazov National Medical Research Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 197341 Saint Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00042-07","article-title":"Central nervous system tuberculosis: Pathogenesis and clinical aspects","volume":"21","author":"Rock","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin. 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