{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T13:02:47Z","timestamp":1779714167675,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779667200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and Clinical Significance: Pleural effusion results from an imbalance between fluid production and lymphatic drainage within the pleural space and may arise from a wide range of conditions. Chylothorax, characterized by the accumulation of chyle in the pleural cavity, is an uncommon cause of pleural effusion in the pediatric population. Although octreotide has been widely used in neonatal postoperative chylothorax, evidence supporting its role in acquired chylothorax beyond infancy remains limited, and dosing strategies are not standardized. This report describes the management of massive chylothorax in an adolescent patient. Case Presentation: A 13-year-old girl presented with fatigue, decreased exercise tolerance, vertigo, and diaphoresis and was diagnosed with massive right-sided chylothorax based on imaging and pleural fluid analysis. Treatment consisted of pleural drainage, dietary measures, and continuous intravenous octreotide administered within a multidisciplinary care framework. Chylous drainage declined progressively, with complete resolution of the effusion achieved without surgical intervention. Conclusions: Chylothorax in older children and adolescents may present with nonspecific symptoms and requires a high index of clinical suspicion. Early diagnosis, appropriate drainage, and individualized therapy are essential for favorable outcomes. Continuous octreotide infusion may represent an effective adjunctive treatment in selected pediatric cases, but further studies are needed to define optimal dosing and treatment duration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics16111614","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T11:57:44Z","timestamp":1779710264000},"page":"1614","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Chronic Chylothorax in Childhood: Clinical Complexity and Management Challenges\u2014A Case Report and Literature Overview"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1599-5579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Teofana-Otilia","family":"Bizerea-Moga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department XI of Pediatrics-1st Pediatric Discipline, Center for Research on Growth and Developmental Disorders in Children, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"3rd Pediatric Clinic from Clinical Emergency Hospital for Children \u201cLouis Turcanu\u201d, Iosif Nemoianu 2, 300011 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-2016-6620","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina-Loredana","family":"Pantea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional Center of Medical Genetics Timis, Clinical Emergency Hospital for Children \u201cLouis Turcanu\u201d, 300011 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Doctoral School, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7992-4059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giorgiana Flavia","family":"Brad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department XI of Pediatrics-1st Pediatric Discipline, Center for Research on Growth and Developmental Disorders in Children, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"3rd Pediatric Clinic from Clinical Emergency Hospital for Children \u201cLouis Turcanu\u201d, Iosif Nemoianu 2, 300011 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2313-7643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Otilia","family":"M\u0103rginean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department XI of Pediatrics-1st Pediatric Discipline, Center for Research on Growth and Developmental Disorders in Children, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"3rd Pediatric Clinic from Clinical Emergency Hospital for Children \u201cLouis Turcanu\u201d, Iosif Nemoianu 2, 300011 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8978-1856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tudor-Voicu","family":"Moga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department VII of Internal Medicine-Gastroenterology Discipline, Advanced Regional Research Center in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"},{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology Clinic,\u201cPius Br\u00eenzeu\u201d County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Liviu Rebreanu No 156, 300723 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Merriam-Webster (2003). 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