{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T04:06:51Z","timestamp":1784088411317,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]],"date-time":"2026-07-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783814400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Distal radius and carpal fractures are common injuries in emergency radiology, where accurate lateral wrist positioning is essential for diagnostic image quality. Maintaining a true lateral position can be challenging, often requiring manual support and increasing occupational radiation exposure. This pilot phantom study aimed to design, fabricate, and evaluate a novel 3D-printed wrist immobilization device and compare its performance with adhesive tape and sandbag stabilization. Methods: A wrist immobilization device was designed using computer-aided design software and fabricated by fused deposition modeling with polylactic acid. A wrist phantom was imaged using three stabilization techniques: the 3D-printed device, adhesive tape, and sandbag support. Image quality was independently assessed by two blinded observers using an eight-point scoring system. Inter-rater reliability was evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Positioning time was recorded, and radiopacity was assessed using pixel intensity measurements within predefined regions of interest. Results: No significant differences in image quality were observed among the three stabilization techniques (p = 0.263). Inter-rater reliability was excellent (ICC = 0.877). Positioning time differed significantly among techniques (p = 0.036), with sandbag stabilization requiring the shortest time. Radiopacity analysis demonstrated minimal attenuation (8.6\u201320.8%) in regions adjacent to the anatomical area of interest, while higher attenuation was limited to non-diagnostic regions. Conclusions: The 3D-printed wrist immobilization device produced image quality comparable to conventional stabilization methods with minimal radiographic interference. These findings support its feasibility as a low-cost positioning aid and warrant further evaluation in larger clinical studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics16142173","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T07:28:27Z","timestamp":1783927707000},"page":"2173","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Design and Preliminary Phantom Study of a 3D-Printed Wrist Immobilization Device for Lateral Radiography"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-3997-9862","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natchayaporn","family":"Thonapan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luckika","family":"Panthiya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Khamolchanok","family":"Khunla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sukrit","family":"Techawattanakijkul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiological Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8890-9109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarawut","family":"Lapmanee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chulabhorn International College of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani 12120, Thailand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4315","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-022-02150-3","article-title":"Diagnostics, Incidence and Treatment of Distal Radius Fractures: An Area for Many Studies, Opinions and Treatment Options","volume":"48","author":"Frank","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. 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