{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T11:23:59Z","timestamp":1789125839085,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789084800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Key Research and Development Program of the Tibet Autonomous Region","award":["XZ202403ZY0003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XZ202403ZY0003"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Wide-field swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (WF-SS-OCTA) enables non-invasive, layer-specific retinal microvascular assessment. We explored treatment-associated microvascular change in acute leukemia and its concurrent association with post-induction response. Methods: In this prospective single-center cohort (ChiCTR2300077558), 111 newly diagnosed adults (58 AML, 53 ALL) and 40 healthy controls underwent pre-induction 16 \u00d7 16 mm WF-SS-OCTA; 77 were re-imaged at first response assessment. Response (complete remission (CR)\/CRi vs. partial\/no response (PR\/NR)) was adjudicated independently of OCTA. The focal exploratory outcome was deep capillary plexus vessel density change (\u0394DCP-VD). This outcome was designated after completion of data collection, and all analyses are exploratory and hypothesis-generating. Results: DCP-VD showed an AML &lt; ALL &lt; control baseline gradient (42.49 \u00b1 3.15%, 43.45 \u00b1 2.89%, 44.27 \u00b1 2.78%; ANOVA p = 0.014), and 10 of 20 baseline metrics survived false-discovery-rate correction. \u0394DCP-VD was higher in CR\/CRi than PR\/NR (1.50 (1.00, 2.00) vs. 0.50 \u00b1 0.83 percentage points; difference 0.97, 95% CI 0.57\u20131.37; p &lt; 0.01) and correlated with hemoglobin change (rs = +0.546, p &lt; 0.01); in-sample discrimination gave an AUC of 0.799 (95% CI 0.674\u20130.907). Conclusions: \u0394DCP-VD differed by concurrent response and tracked hemoglobin change; findings establish no causality, prediction, or clinical threshold and require independent prospective validation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics16182940","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]],"date-time":"2026-09-11T10:51:37Z","timestamp":1789123897000},"page":"2940","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Retinal Microvascular Changes Associated with Concurrent Morphologic\/Hematologic Response to Induction Therapy in Acute Leukemia: An Exploratory Prospective Wide-Field Swept-Source OCT Angiography Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-3272-7345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiawei","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6659-1147","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Jiamei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Longqian","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2633-6819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meixia","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"funding-acquisition","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3109\/10428190009053534","article-title":"Hyperleukocytic Leukemias and Leukostasis: A Review of Pathophysiology, Clinical Presentation and Management","volume":"39","author":"Porcu","year":"2000","journal-title":"Leuk. 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