{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:01:11Z","timestamp":1792789271661,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791417600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791417600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"\u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00afdp487","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00afdp487","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: The apolipoprotein B\/apolipoprotein A1 (ApoB\/ApoA1) ratio has been proposed as an integrated marker of atherogenic and anti-atherogenic lipoprotein balance. This study assessed its association with the presence and angiographic severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) and compared its discriminatory performance with conventional lipid markers. Methods: This retrospective, observational, cross-sectional study included 63 adults undergoing coronary angiography for suspected or established CAD. Pre-procedural ApoB, ApoA1, and conventional lipid parameters were measured. Significant CAD was defined as \u226550% stenosis in at least one major epicardial coronary artery. Associations with angiographic severity were assessed using Gensini and SYNTAX scores. Statistical analyses included between-group comparisons, Spearman correlations, ROC analysis with DeLong comparisons, and logistic regression. Results: Significant CAD was present in 46 patients (73.02%). ApoB and ApoB\/ApoA1 were higher in patients with significant CAD (p = 0.011 and p = 0.013), whereas ApoA1 was not (p = 0.101). ApoB\/ApoA1 correlated weakly with Gensini score (\u03c1 = 0.30, p = 0.046), but not with SYNTAX Scores I or II. In the complete-case subset (n = 55), ApoB\/ApoA1 had an AUC of 0.68, with no significant differences versus LDL-C, HDL-C, total cholesterol, or triglycerides. Each 0.1-unit increase in ApoB\/ApoA1 was associated with higher odds of significant CAD after adjustment for age, diabetes mellitus, and smoking (adjusted OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.08\u20132.48; p = 0.021). Conclusions: ApoB\/ApoA1 was associated with significant CAD after adjustment for selected clinical variables, but this association was attenuated after additional adjustment for LDL-C. Its discriminatory performance was modest and not significantly different from conventional lipid markers, requiring further evaluation as a potential pre-angiographic risk marker.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics16193245","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T11:26:53Z","timestamp":1791458813000},"page":"3245","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association of the ApoB\/ApoA1 Ratio with Angiographically Documented Coronary Artery Disease: Comparison with Conventional Lipid Markers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Tiberiu-Liviu","family":"Dragomir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Semiology II Discipline, Department V\u2014Internal Medicine I, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babe\u0219\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timi\u0219oara, Romania"},{"name":"Multidisciplinary Heart Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babe\u0219\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timi\u0219oara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7896-1253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Horia Silviu","family":"Branea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Semiology II Discipline, Department V\u2014Internal Medicine I, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babe\u0219\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timi\u0219oara, Romania"},{"name":"Multidisciplinary Heart Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babe\u0219\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timi\u0219oara, Romania"},{"name":"Cardiology Clinic\u2014ASCAR, Timi\u0219oara Municipal Emergency Clinical Hospital, Bd. Revolu\u021biei din 1989 No. 12, 300041 Timi\u0219oara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Minodora","family":"Andor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Semiology II Discipline, Department V\u2014Internal Medicine I, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babe\u0219\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timi\u0219oara, Romania"},{"name":"Multidisciplinary Heart Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babe\u0219\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timi\u0219oara, Romania"},{"name":"Cardiology Clinic\u2014ASCAR, Timi\u0219oara Municipal Emergency Clinical Hospital, Bd. Revolu\u021biei din 1989 No. 12, 300041 Timi\u0219oara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8728-5413","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ioana Mihaela","family":"C\u00eetu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Multidisciplinary Heart Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babe\u0219\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timi\u0219oara, Romania"},{"name":"Cardiology Clinic\u2014ASCAR, Timi\u0219oara Municipal Emergency Clinical Hospital, Bd. Revolu\u021biei din 1989 No. 12, 300041 Timi\u0219oara, Romania"},{"name":"Medical Semiology I Discipline, Department V\u2014Internal Medicine I, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babe\u0219\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timi\u0219oara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Florina Rozina","family":"C\u0103runtu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Semiology II Discipline, Department V\u2014Internal Medicine I, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babe\u0219\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timi\u0219oara, Romania"},{"name":"Multidisciplinary Heart Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babe\u0219\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timi\u0219oara, Romania"},{"name":"Cardiology Clinic\u2014ASCAR, Timi\u0219oara Municipal Emergency Clinical Hospital, Bd. Revolu\u021biei din 1989 No. 12, 300041 Timi\u0219oara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"methodology","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Monica Maria","family":"\u0218u\u0219an","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Semiology I Discipline, Department V\u2014Internal Medicine I, Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babe\u0219\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timi\u0219oara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"software","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5000-5422","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina Marinela","family":"Oprean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ANAPATMOL Research Center, \u201cVictor Babe\u0219\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timi\u0219oara, Romania"},{"name":"Department of Oncology, ONCOHELP Hospital, Ciprian Porumbescu Street No. 59, 300239 Timi\u0219oara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"investigation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"software","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Raul-Tiberiu","family":"Dragomir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, \u201cVictor Babe\u0219\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timi\u0219oara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3531-3974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R\u0103zvan Mihai","family":"\u0218u\u0219an","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, Centre for Preventive Medicine, \u201cVictor Babe\u0219\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timi\u0219oara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"writing-original-draft","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"resources","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1335-6845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Delia","family":"Hu\u021banu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology-Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Biology, Geography, West University of Timi\u0219oara, Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi Street No. 16A, 300115 Timi\u0219oara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"data-curation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1046-7272","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dan Dumitru","family":"Vulcanescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, \u201cVictor Babe\u0219\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timi\u0219oara, Romania"},{"name":"Multidisciplinary Research Center on Antimicrobial Resistance (MULTI-REZ), Department of Microbiology, \u201cVictor Babe\u0219\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timi\u0219oara, Romania"},{"name":"Clinical Laboratory, \u201cLouis \u021aurcanu\u201d Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children, Iosif Nemoianu Street No. 2, 300011 Timi\u0219oara, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"formal-analysis","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"visualization","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Adriana Daniela","family":"Dragomir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Allergology, Giroc Medical Center, Str. Trandafirilor No. 7, 307220 Timi\u0219, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"validation","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"project-administration","vocabulary":"credit"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)61076-4","article-title":"Lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins as risk markers of myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): A case-control study","volume":"372","author":"McQueen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1355","DOI":"10.1515\/CCLM.2004.254","article-title":"The apoB\/apoA-I ratio is better than the cholesterol ratios to estimate the balance between plasma proatherogenic and antiatherogenic lipoproteins and to predict coronary risk","volume":"42","author":"Walldius","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. 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