{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T04:53:31Z","timestamp":1780376011435,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,18]],"date-time":"2016-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1479427200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diagnostics"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Adrenal lesions present a significant diagnostic burden for both radiologists and endocrinologists, especially with the increasing number of adrenal \u2018incidentalomas\u2019 detected on modern computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). A key objective is the reliable distinction of benign disease from either primary adrenal malignancy (e.g., adrenocortical carcinoma or malignant forms of pheochromocytoma\/paraganglioma (PPGL)) or metastases (e.g., bronchial, renal). Benign lesions may still be associated with adverse sequelae through autonomous hormone hypersecretion (e.g., primary aldosteronism, Cushing\u2019s syndrome, phaeochromocytoma). Here, identifying a causative lesion, or lateralising the disease to a single adrenal gland, is key to effective management, as unilateral adrenalectomy may offer the potential for curing conditions that are typically associated with significant excess morbidity and mortality. This review considers the evolving role of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging in addressing the limitations of traditional cross-sectional imaging and adjunctive techniques, such as venous sampling, in the management of adrenal disorders. We review the development of targeted molecular imaging to the adrenocortical enzymes CYP11B1 and CYP11B2 with different radiolabeled metomidate compounds. Particular consideration is given to iodo-metomidate PET tracers for the diagnosis and management of adrenocortical carcinoma, and the increasingly recognized utility of 11C-metomidate PET-CT in primary aldosteronism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics6040042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,21]],"date-time":"2016-11-21T11:16:05Z","timestamp":1479726965000},"page":"42","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Targeted Molecular Imaging in Adrenal Disease\u2014An Emerging Role for Metomidate PET-CT"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3777-2827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iosif","family":"Mendichovszky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke\u2019s Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Powlson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke\u2019s Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roido","family":"Manavaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke\u2019s Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franklin","family":"Aigbirhio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heok","family":"Cheow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Addenbrooke\u2019s Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Buscombe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5745-6832","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mark","family":"Gurnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Metabolic Research Laboratories, Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science, University of Cambridge and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke\u2019s Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0124-9962","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fiona","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Cambridge and NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Addenbrooke\u2019s Hospital, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2493070976","article-title":"Incidental adrenal lesions: Principles, techniques, and algorithms for imaging characterization","volume":"249","author":"Boland","year":"2008","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.0.1490273","article-title":"Prevalence and natural history of adrenal incidentalomas","volume":"149","author":"Barzon","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur. 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