{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T17:22:34Z","timestamp":1785000154971,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,20]],"date-time":"2022-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663632000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000865","name":"Bill &amp; Melinda Gates Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["OPP1153928"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["OPP1153928"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000865","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diseases"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Despite efforts to control neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) using preventive chemotherapy (PC), soil-transmitted helminthiases and schistosomiasis remain widely prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa. The current PC regimen in endemic settings is defined based on health district-level prevalence. This work aims to highlight the need for high-resolution data when elimination, rather than morbidity control, is the targeted goal. Methodology: Cross-sectional parasitological surveys were conducted from July to August 2019 and from September to October 2019, respectively, across the entire Dabou and Jacqueville health districts in southern C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire. From every village, 60 school-aged children (6\u201315 years) were randomly selected and invited to provide one fresh stool sample, whereof duplicate Kato\u2013Katz thick smears were prepared and read by two independent technicians. Principal Findings: 4338 school-aged children from 77 villages were screened from the Dabou (n = 2174; 50.12%, 39 villages) and Jacqueville (n = 2164; 49.88%, 38 villages) health districts. The prevalence of any soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infection was 12.47% and 11.09% in the Dabou and Jacqueville health districts, respectively. Species-specific district-level prevalence remained below 10%, varying between 0.51% (hookworm in Jacqueville) and 9.06% (Trichuris trichiura in Dabou). However, when considering sub-districts or villages only, several STH infection hotspots (five sub-districts with \u226520% and four villages with more than 50% infected) were observed. Schistosoma mansoni infection was found in less than 1% of the examined children in each health district. Conclusions\/Significance: We conclude that keeping health district-level prevalence as a reference for PC implementation leaves many high-risk sub-districts or villages requiring PC (\u226520% prevalence) untreated. To avoid maintaining those high-risk villages as STH reservoirs by skipping control interventions and jeopardizing the successes already achieved in STH control through PC during the past two decades, precision mapping is required. Further investigation is needed to assess cost-efficient approaches to implement small-scale disease surveillance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diseases10040066","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,20]],"date-time":"2022-09-20T21:12:53Z","timestamp":1663708373000},"page":"66","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Optimizing Implementation of Preventive Chemotherapy against Soil-Transmitted Helminthiasis and Intestinal Schistosomiasis Using High-Resolution Data: Field-Based Experiences from C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3626-6068","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean T.","family":"Coulibaly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland"},{"name":"University of Basel, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland"},{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Formation et de Recherche Biosciences, Universit\u00e9 F\u00e9lix Houphou\u00ebt-Boigny, Abidjan 22 BP 770, C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire"},{"name":"Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire, Abidjan 01 BP 1303, C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6212-8198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eveline","family":"H\u00fcrlimann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland"},{"name":"University of Basel, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chandni","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland"},{"name":"University of Basel, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1003-9294","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dieudonn\u00e9 K.","family":"Silu\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Formation et de Recherche Biosciences, Universit\u00e9 F\u00e9lix Houphou\u00ebt-Boigny, Abidjan 22 BP 770, C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire"},{"name":"Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire, Abidjan 01 BP 1303, C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deles J.","family":"Aveni\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Formation et de Recherche Biosciences, Universit\u00e9 F\u00e9lix Houphou\u00ebt-Boigny, Abidjan 22 BP 770, C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nad\u00e8ge A.","family":"Kouam\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Formation et de Recherche Biosciences, Universit\u00e9 F\u00e9lix Houphou\u00ebt-Boigny, Abidjan 22 BP 770, C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ulrich M.","family":"Silu\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Formation et de Recherche Biosciences, Universit\u00e9 F\u00e9lix Houphou\u00ebt-Boigny, Abidjan 22 BP 770, C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0290-3521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer","family":"Keiser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland"},{"name":"University of Basel, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-3305-7-37","article-title":"Global numbers of infection and disease burden of soil transmitted helminth infections in 2010","volume":"7","author":"Pullan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Parasit Vectors"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e64","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(16)30535-7","article-title":"A call to strengthen the global strategy against schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthiasis: The time is now","volume":"17","author":"Lo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. 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