{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T06:19:52Z","timestamp":1775197192357,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,30]],"date-time":"2023-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685404800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004731","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LY22H050001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LY22H050001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004731","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U20A20351"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U20A20351"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004731","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["WKJ-ZJ-2128"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WKJ-ZJ-2128"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004731","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SMYY20220301001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SMYY20220301001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004731","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["LY22H050001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LY22H050001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U20A20351"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U20A20351"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["WKJ-ZJ-2128"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WKJ-ZJ-2128"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SMYY20220301001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SMYY20220301001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Key Project of Provincial Ministry Co-Construction, Health Science, and Technology Project Plan of Zhejiang Province","award":["LY22H050001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LY22H050001"]}]},{"name":"Key Project of Provincial Ministry Co-Construction, Health Science, and Technology Project Plan of Zhejiang Province","award":["U20A20351"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U20A20351"]}]},{"name":"Key Project of Provincial Ministry Co-Construction, Health Science, and Technology Project Plan of Zhejiang Province","award":["WKJ-ZJ-2128"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WKJ-ZJ-2128"]}]},{"name":"Key Project of Provincial Ministry Co-Construction, Health Science, and Technology Project Plan of Zhejiang Province","award":["SMYY20220301001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SMYY20220301001"]}]},{"name":"Yiluqihang \u00b7 Shenmingyuanyang\u2019s Medical Development and Scientific Research Fund Project on Kidney Diseases","award":["LY22H050001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LY22H050001"]}]},{"name":"Yiluqihang \u00b7 Shenmingyuanyang\u2019s Medical Development and Scientific Research Fund Project on Kidney Diseases","award":["U20A20351"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U20A20351"]}]},{"name":"Yiluqihang \u00b7 Shenmingyuanyang\u2019s Medical Development and Scientific Research Fund Project on Kidney Diseases","award":["WKJ-ZJ-2128"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WKJ-ZJ-2128"]}]},{"name":"Yiluqihang \u00b7 Shenmingyuanyang\u2019s Medical Development and Scientific Research Fund Project on Kidney Diseases","award":["SMYY20220301001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SMYY20220301001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diseases"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is an inflammatory liver disease wherein the body\u2019s immune system instigates an attack on the liver, causing inflammation and hepatic impairment. This disease usually manifests in genetically predisposed individuals and is triggered by stimuli or environments such as viral infections, environmental toxins, and drugs. The causal role of COVID-19 vaccination in AIH remains uncertain. This review of 39 cases of vaccine-related AIH indicates that female patients above the age of 50 years or those with potential AIH risk factors may be susceptible to vaccine-related AIH, and the clinical features of vaccine-associated AIH are similar to those of idiopathic AIH. These features commonly manifest in patients after the first dose of vaccination, with symptom onset typically delayed by 10\u201314 days. The incidence of underlying liver disease in patients with potential health conditions associated to liver disease is similar to that of patients without preexisting illnesses. Steroid administration is effective in treating vaccine-related AIH-susceptible patients, with most patients experiencing improvement in their clinical symptoms. However, care should be taken to prevent bacterial infections during drug administration. Furthermore, the possible pathogenic mechanisms of vaccine-associated AIH are discussed to offer potential ideas for vaccine development and enhancement. Although the incidence of vaccine-related AIH is rare, individuals should not be deterred from receiving the COVID-19 vaccine, as the benefits of vaccination significantly outweigh the risks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diseases11020080","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,31]],"date-time":"2023-05-31T04:40:51Z","timestamp":1685508051000},"page":"80","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Clinical Features of COVID-19 Vaccine-Associated Autoimmune Hepatitis: A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Hao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children\u2019s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children\u2019s Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou 310000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Ye","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children\u2019s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children\u2019s Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou 310000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.13091","article-title":"COVID-19 diagnosis and management: A comprehensive review","volume":"288","author":"Pascarella","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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