{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T17:34:00Z","timestamp":1783791240787,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,20]],"date-time":"2024-03-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1710892800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan","award":["113QF004E1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["113QF004E1"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diseases"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Various vaccines have been developed in response to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, and the safety of vaccines has become an important issue. COVID-19 vaccine-related central nervous system inflammatory demyelinating diseases (CNS IDDs) have been reported recently. We present one case of AstraZeneca vaccine-related myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disease and a literature review of another 78 patients published from January 2020 to October 2022. Patients were divided into three vaccine types (viral vector, mRNA, and inactivated vaccines) for further analyses. Among 79 patients with COVID-19 vaccine-related CNS IDDs, 49 (62%) cases received viral vector vaccines, 20 (25.3%) received mRNA vaccines, and 10 (12.7%) received inactivated vaccines. Twenty-seven cases (34.2%) were confirmed with autoantibodies, including fifteen patients (19%) with anti-MOG, eleven (13.9%) with anti-aquaporin 4 (AQP4), and one (1.3%) with both antibodies. Significantly, more males developed CNS IDDs post viral vector vaccines compared to mRNA and inactivated vaccines. Patients receiving mRNA vaccines were older than those receiving other types. Furthermore, mRNA and inactivated vaccines correlated more with anti-AQP4 antibodies, while viral vector vaccines showed higher MOG positivity. This research suggests potential associations between COVID-19 vaccine-related CNS IDDs and gender, age, and autoantibodies, contingent on vaccine types. Protein sequence analysis implies similarities between the S protein and AQP4\/MOG. Further studies may elucidate the mechanisms of CNS IDDs, aiding vaccine selection for specific types.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diseases12030060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,20]],"date-time":"2024-03-20T05:56:07Z","timestamp":1710914167000},"page":"60","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Clinical Research into Central Nervous System Inflammatory Demyelinating Diseases Related to COVID-19 Vaccines"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5259-9009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mei-Yun","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Epilepsy, Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou Medical Center and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0089-5329","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hsuan-Chen","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou Medical Center and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jung-Lung","family":"Hsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou Medical Center and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, New Taipei 236, Taiwan"},{"name":"Graduate Institute of Mind, Brain and Consciousness, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan"},{"name":"Brain and Consciousness Research Center, Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei 235, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-9216-4899","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7258-8817","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linyi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Science, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan"},{"name":"Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siew-Na","family":"Lim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Epilepsy, Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou Medical Center and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7908-4267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ming-Feng","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou Medical Center and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Long-Sun","family":"Ro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou Medical Center and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1756286420945135","DOI":"10.1177\/1756286420945135","article-title":"Recent developments in MOG-IgG associated neurological disorders","volume":"13","author":"Hegen","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ther. 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