{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T10:46:06Z","timestamp":1789728366117,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,9]],"date-time":"2024-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717891200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diseases"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mucosal malignant melanoma has a low incidence and only 2% are diagnosed in the gynecological tract. Diagnosis of primary cervical malignant melanoma is often challenging. The clinical presentation mimics other malignant cervical tumors, usually with abnormal bleeding or discharge. Cervical screening tests, such as cytology, often fail to detect malignant melanomas because of the rarity of the disorder, and histological evaluation of lesions is of paramount importance. The treatment is often based on regimens used for cutaneous malignant melanoma. We present the first case in the literature of primary malignant melanoma of the endocervix diagnosed by outpatient hysteroscopy and we have performed a narrative review of the literature on PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science from 1980 to December 2023, identifying 137 cases. The most common initial symptom was vaginal bleeding in 82.8% of cases, and 84.8% of patients were menopausal at the time of diagnosis. The first diagnostic modality was biopsy in 67.7%; 90% of patients underwent surgery and 64.5% of the deaths occurred within the first 12 months after diagnosis. Primary malignant melanoma of the cervix is extremely rare and difficult to diagnose at an early stage which is due to the aggressiveness of the disease and the non-specificity of the symptoms. To improve survival, early diagnosis is essential and hysteroscopy could be a useful tool in achieving it. It is crucial to increase the attention of gynecologists on primary malignant melanoma of the cervix to also perform a diagnostic hysteroscopy in case of doubtful symptoms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diseases12060126","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,10]],"date-time":"2024-06-10T08:49:03Z","timestamp":1718009343000},"page":"126","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Primary Malignant Melanoma of The Endocervix Uteri and Outpatient Hysteroscopy as a Diagnostic Tool: Case Report and Literature Overview"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Davide","family":"Dealberti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, 15121 Alessandria, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3210-6008","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Bosoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, 15121 Alessandria, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Spissu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Maggiore Della Carit\u00e0, School of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Eastern Piedmont, 28100 Novara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carla","family":"Pisani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, 15121 Alessandria, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corinna","family":"Pizio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomic and Hystologic Pathology, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria SS. Antonio e Biagio e Cesare Arrigo, 15121 Alessandria, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Nappi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3993-2895","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felice","family":"Sorrentino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"Carlucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9266-3896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guglielmo","family":"Stabile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1089\/gyn.2018.0005","article-title":"Multidisciplinary Approach in the Management of Primary Malignant Melanoma of the Uterine Cervix: Diagnostic and Management Challenges","volume":"34","author":"Tranoulis","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. 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