{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:18:25Z","timestamp":1760145505022,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]],"date-time":"2024-07-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721865600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the Italian Ministry of Health"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diseases"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Heel pain in children is a common condition. The aetiology can be ascribed to fractures, osteochondrosis, tendinitis, calcaneal-navicular or talo-calcaneal coalition, osteomyelitis, rheumatic diseases, anatomic variants, malignant tumours (osteosarcoma, Ewing\u2019s sarcoma), and benign lesions (bone cyst, aneurismal bone cyst, osteoid osteoma, or exostosis). In particular, this manuscript focuses on a case of calcaneal exostosis in the paediatric age, aiming to highlight its rarity. Osteochondromas are benign tumours of the surface of the bone and the overlying cartilage. They grow until skeletal maturity and can cause stiffness, pain, cosmetic alterations, tendinitis, and neuro-vascular compression. The calcaneus is an extremely rare site for these tumours. Only two case reports of paediatric exostosis of the calcaneus bone are available. Methods: We describe a case of a girl of 16 years of age, affected by multiple cartilaginous exostosis, who presented with a painful mass on the inferior margin of the foot in the calcaneal region, which was diagnosed as an exostosis. The neoformation was excised, and the girl underwent clinical follow-up. Results: The patient was promptly discharged in good condition, and on the 25th postoperative day, she was completely pain-free and allowed weight bearing. Conclusions: In the case of heel pain resistant to conservative treatment, the presence of an osteochondroma should be considered after excluding more common causes. If symptomatic, calcaneal osteochondromas could require surgical excision.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diseases12080167","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]],"date-time":"2024-07-25T06:11:36Z","timestamp":1721887896000},"page":"167","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Paediatric Calcaneal Osteochondroma: A Case Report and a Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Valeria","family":"Calogero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"U.O.C Traumatology, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michela","family":"Florio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.O.C Traumatology, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2468-7172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Careri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.O.C Traumatology, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2917-9385","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angelo Gabriele","family":"Aulisa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.O.C Traumatology, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Human Sciences, Society and Health, University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, 03043 Cassino, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Falciglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.O.C Traumatology, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9646-8892","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Giordano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.O.C Traumatology, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"132","DOI":"10.3121\/cmr.2021.1639","article-title":"Sever\u2019s Disease of the Pediatric Population: Clinical, Pathologic, and Therapeutic Considerations","volume":"19","author":"Fares","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. 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