{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T10:06:04Z","timestamp":1789639564202,"version":"4.0.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,5]],"date-time":"2025-04-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743811200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["22K19496"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22K19496"]}]},{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["Choujyu 20-1, 21-18"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Choujyu 20-1, 21-18"]}]},{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["24FA1005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24FA1005"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007312","name":"National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22K19496"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22K19496"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007312","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007312","name":"National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Choujyu 20-1, 21-18"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Choujyu 20-1, 21-18"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007312","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007312","name":"National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["24FA1005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24FA1005"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007312","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Health Labour Sciences Research Grant","award":["22K19496"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22K19496"]}]},{"name":"Health Labour Sciences Research Grant","award":["Choujyu 20-1, 21-18"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Choujyu 20-1, 21-18"]}]},{"name":"Health Labour Sciences Research Grant","award":["24FA1005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24FA1005"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diseases"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Sarcopenic obesity, defined as the concurrent loss of muscle mass and adipose tissue accumulation, is associated with reduced physical function and poor health status in older adults. Although oral function can impact the overall health of older adults, its role in the development of sarcopenic obesity remains unclear. Herein, we aimed to examine the association between oral function and the incidence of sarcopenic obesity. Methods: This longitudinal cohort study included 597 independent older adults (aged \u226565 years) from Tamba-Sasayama, a rural region of Japan, who participated in academic studies between June 2016 and December 2023. Participants underwent surveys at least twice, with a minimum two-year interval. The participants were divided into four groups (robust, obese, sarcopenic, and sarcopenic obese) according to their health condition. Sarcopenic obesity was diagnosed based on the guidelines of the Japanese Working Group on Sarcopenic Obesity. The oral function was evaluated by assessing the number of remaining teeth, tongue pressure, occlusal force, masticatory performance, and oral diadochokinesis. Cox proportional hazards regression analysis evaluated the association between oral function and the incidence of sarcopenic obesity after adjusting for relevant confounders. Results: The sarcopenic obesity group was older, had lower skeletal muscle mass, and inferior physical function. This cohort also had the highest prevalence of hypertension and significantly fewer remaining teeth. The proportion of individuals with sarcopenic obesity was 1.7% of the total population, with 2.8% in the obesity group at baseline, and 8.0% of those were diagnosed with sarcopenia progressing to sarcopenic obesity. The Cox regression model revealed that reduced tongue pressure was significantly associated with an increased risk of sarcopenic obesity, with a hazard ratio of 0.906 (95% confidence interval: 0.829\u20130.990; p = 0.028), independent of other variables related to sarcopenia and obesity. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that oral function is associated with the incidence of sarcopenic obesity but not with that of sarcopenia or obesity alone.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diseases13040109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,7]],"date-time":"2025-04-07T03:23:07Z","timestamp":1743996187000},"page":"109","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Is Oral Function Associated with the Development of Sarcopenic Obesity and Sarcopenia in Older Adults? A Prospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Sho","family":"Shirotori","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Comprehensive Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City 951-8514, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9112-5981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoko","family":"Hasegawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Comprehensive Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City 951-8514, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya City 663-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2726-7285","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Koutatsu","family":"Nagai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Hyogo Medical University, Kobe City 650-8530, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Kusunoki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka Dental University, Osaka City 540-0008, Japan"},{"name":"Department of General Internal Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya City 663-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shogo","family":"Yoshimura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Comprehensive Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City 951-8514, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kana","family":"Tokumoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya City 663-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hirokazu","family":"Hattori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya City 663-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kayoko","family":"Tamaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Internal Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya City 663-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8074-9016","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazuhiro","family":"Hori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Comprehensive Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata City 951-8514, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiromitsu","family":"Kishimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya City 663-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1419-3574","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ken","family":"Shinmura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Internal Medicine, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya City 663-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.3904\/kjim.2016.193","article-title":"Sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity","volume":"31","author":"Choi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Korean J. 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