{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T01:35:26Z","timestamp":1760060126723,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,3]],"date-time":"2025-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754179200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diseases"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Secukinumab (SEC) is a recombinant, fully human monoclonal antibody that is selective for interleukin-17A (IL-17A). SEC may increase the risk of developing infections such as oral herpes and oral candidiasis. The aim of this case report and literature review was to describe chronic hyperplastic candidiasis (CHC) in a patient with psoriasis (PsO) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) treated with SEC. CHC is a rare and atypical clinical entity. A definitive diagnosis requires biopsy of the oral mucosa for histopathological diagnosis (PHD). The differential diagnosis includes hairy tongue, hairy leukoplakia, oral lichen planus (OLP), oral lichenoid reaction (OLR), leukoplakia, frictional keratosis, morsication, oral psoriasis, syphilis, and oral lesions associated with coronavirus disease (COVID-19). In addition to the usual factors (xerostomia, smoking, antibiotics, vitamin deficiency, immunosuppression, comorbidities), the new biological therapies\/immunotherapies are a predisposing factor for oral candidiasis. The therapeutic approach must be multidisciplinary and in consultation with a clinical immunologist. Dentists and specialists (oral medicine, dermatologists, rheumatologists) must be familiar with the oral adverse events of the new biological therapies. Simultaneous monitoring of patients by clinical immunology and oral medicine specialists is crucial for timely diagnosis and therapeutic intervention to avoid possible adverse events and improve quality of life (QoL).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diseases13080243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,4]],"date-time":"2025-08-04T10:48:08Z","timestamp":1754304488000},"page":"243","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Chronic Hyperplastic Candidiasis\u2014An Adverse Event of Secukinumab in the Oral Cavity: A Case Report and Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2137-9665","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Glavina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Medicine, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia"},{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine, Study of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2545-4474","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno","family":"\u0160piljak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine, University of Zagreb School of Dental Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8292-9854","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Merica","family":"Glavina Durdov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University Hospital Split, 21000 Split, Croatia"},{"name":"School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ivan","family":"Mili\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, University Hospital of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marija Ana","family":"Perko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine, Study of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dora","family":"Me\u0161in Deli\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine, Study of Dental Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Split, 21000 Split, Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7494-5742","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liborija","family":"Lugovi\u0107-Mihi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatovenereology, University Hospital Center Sestre Milosrdnice, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"},{"name":"School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"208","article-title":"Adverse drug reactions in the oral cavity","volume":"54","author":"Brailo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Clin. 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