{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T14:36:46Z","timestamp":1767969406163,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767916800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diseases"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: The objective was to analyze the effects of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors on glycemic control, insulin dose, and preservation of \u03b2-pancreatic function (C-peptide) in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Methods: A systematic review was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, with a search in the PubMed database. Five randomized clinical trials evaluating the use of different DPP-4 inhibitors in patients with T1DM were selected, measuring parameters including glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), C-peptide, time in glycemic target\/range (TIR), and daily insulin dose. Results: HbA1c showed significant reduction in some studies and no significant alterations in others. TIR increased in one study (~77.87% \u2192 ~84.40%). C-peptide showed variable effects across studies. The insulin dose did not show a substantial reduction. Conclusions: DPP-4 inhibitors demonstrated modest benefits for glycemic control and preservation of \u03b2-cell function in T1DM, but these effects were inconsistent due to methodological heterogeneity. Standardized studies are needed to define beneficial subgroups and long-term efficacy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diseases14010028","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T11:45:33Z","timestamp":1767959133000},"page":"28","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Can DPP-4 Inhibitors Improve Glycemic Control and Preserve Beta-Cell Function in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus? A Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Henrique","family":"Villa Chagas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Interdisciplinary Center for Diabetes (CENID), Universidade de Mar\u00edlia (UNIMAR), Mar\u00edlia 17525-902, SP, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Mar\u00edlia (UNIMAR), Mar\u00edlia 17525-902, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3159-0982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucas Fornari","family":"Laurindo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cellular Growth, Hemodynamic, and Homeostasis Disorders, Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo (USP), S\u00e3o Paulo 01246-903, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vict\u00f3ria","family":"Dogani Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de Mar\u00edlia (FAMEMA), Mar\u00edlia 17519-030, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jesselina Francisco dos Santos","family":"Haber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Interdisciplinary Center for Diabetes (CENID), Universidade de Mar\u00edlia (UNIMAR), Mar\u00edlia 17525-902, SP, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Mar\u00edlia (UNIMAR), Mar\u00edlia 17525-902, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6901-9082","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eduardo Federighi Baisi","family":"Chagas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Interdisciplinary Center for Diabetes (CENID), Universidade de Mar\u00edlia (UNIMAR), Mar\u00edlia 17525-902, SP, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Mar\u00edlia (UNIMAR), Mar\u00edlia 17525-902, SP, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina de Mar\u00edlia (FAMEMA), Mar\u00edlia 17519-030, SP, Brazil"},{"name":"Graduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Universidade de Mar\u00edlia (UNIMAR), Mar\u00edlia 17525-902, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5035-876X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandra Maria","family":"Barbalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Interdisciplinary Center for Diabetes (CENID), Universidade de Mar\u00edlia (UNIMAR), Mar\u00edlia 17525-902, SP, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidade de Mar\u00edlia (UNIMAR), Mar\u00edlia 17525-902, SP, Brazil"},{"name":"Graduate Program in Structural and Functional Interactions in Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Universidade de Mar\u00edlia (UNIMAR), Mar\u00edlia 17525-902, SP, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Food and Technology of Mar\u00edlia (FATEC), Mar\u00edlia 17500-000, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-8587(22)00218-2","article-title":"Global Incidence, Prevalence, and Mortality of Type 1 Diabetes in 2021 with Projection to 2040: A Modelling Study","volume":"10","author":"Gregory","year":"2022","journal-title":"Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13562","DOI":"10.1111\/1753-0407.13562","article-title":"Epidemiology of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Children and Adolescents: A 50-year, Single-center Experience","volume":"16","author":"Kandemir","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. 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