{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T14:16:02Z","timestamp":1771337762970,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771286400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"My University Hospitals Sussex Charity"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diseases"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Cardiac sarcoidosis (CS) is associated with potentially serious complications, including heart failure and life-threatening arrhythmias. The diagnosis and management of CS is multifaceted, requiring a multi-disciplinary team (MDT)-based approach. A new regional CS clinical service was established in Sussex County (UK) in January 2025. This service is based on a core of cardiologists working with a wider MDT, including specialists in pulmonary sarcoidosis, nuclear medicine and cardiac electrophysiology. This study assessed the clinical performance of this new service. Methods: Patients with suspected CS referred to the Sussex CS Service between January and December 2025 were included, as compared to a control cohort of patients referred for CS assessment before the service was conceived. Results: Of the 51 CS service referrals, 13 patients fulfilled the Heart Rhythm Society (HRS) criteria, all of whom were correctly diagnosed with CS, whilst only two out of seven HRS-positive control patients were correctly diagnosed. In the 38 HRS-negative CS service referrals, 8 patients (21%) were still given a clinical CS diagnosis compared to none in the HRS-negative controls. Of the 21 patients diagnosed with CS, 7 (33%) had active myocardial inflammation and 8 (38%) had LV systolic dysfunction. Where indicated, immunosuppressive and heart failure therapies were initiated in all patients. Eight CS patients (38%) underwent implantable cardioverter defibrillator implantation. No deaths or heart failure hospitalisations occurred within the first 11 months. Conclusions: An MDT-based CS service model can provide multi-faceted care to patients, without major short-term adverse outcomes. The service model replicability and long-term outcomes require further assessment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diseases14020076","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T13:15:35Z","timestamp":1771334135000},"page":"76","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Diagnosis and Management of Patients with Cardiac Sarcoidosis by a Regional Specialist Service"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Godfrey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sussex Cardiac Centre, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton BN2 5BE, UK"},{"name":"Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9PX, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Otto","family":"Fenske","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sussex Cardiac Centre, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton BN2 5BE, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raj","family":"Selvaraju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sussex Cardiac Centre, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton BN2 5BE, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Frappell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sussex Cardiac Centre, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton BN2 5BE, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emine","family":"Cicek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sussex Cardiac Centre, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton BN2 5BE, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Imad Mohamed","family":"Imran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sussex Cardiac Centre, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton BN2 5BE, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Achuth","family":"Hosur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton BN2 5BE, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eleonora","family":"Manca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton BN2 5BE, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nitasha","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton BN2 5BE, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Ellery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sussex Cardiac Centre, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton BN2 5BE, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9895-1178","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Victoria","family":"Parish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sussex Cardiac Centre, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton BN2 5BE, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Hildick-Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sussex Cardiac Centre, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton BN2 5BE, UK"},{"name":"Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9PX, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jack","family":"McCready","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sussex Cardiac Centre, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton BN2 5BE, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sabina","family":"Dizdarevic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9PX, UK"},{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton BN2 5BE, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Buxton-Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton BN2 5BE, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Silberbauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sussex Cardiac Centre, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton BN2 5BE, UK"},{"name":"Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9PX, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-4086-1886","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sussex Cardiac Centre, Royal Sussex County Hospital, Brighton BN2 5BE, UK"},{"name":"Brighton and Sussex Medical School, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9PX, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"2663","article-title":"Cardiac manifestations of sarcoidosis: Diagnosis and management","volume":"38","author":"Birnie","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. 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