{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T12:32:38Z","timestamp":1787315558660,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787270400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diseases"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Elite HIV controllers exhibit persistent immune activation despite sustained viral suppression, a phenomenon that challenges the traditional view of immunological equilibrium. In parallel, autoimmune diseases are characterised by chronic inflammation driven by dysregulated immune responses. Objective: This study aimed to analyse the potential pathophysiological convergence between both conditions and to identify a shared inflammatory axis with possible translational implications. Methods: A critical narrative and integrative reflection was conducted using a purposive, concept-driven selection of evidence from PubMed\/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science. A total of 43 sources were included: 28 studies informing mechanistic findings (14 on elite HIV controllers and 14 on autoimmune diseases), 12 addressing modulatory strategies (pharmacological and lifestyle-based), and 3 providing contextual frameworks. Results: Both conditions demonstrate sustained activation of innate immunity, characterised by elevated pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1\u03b2, IL-6, TNF, type I interferons), increased inflammatory biomarkers (e.g., sCD14, IP-10), and activation of pathways such as NLRP3 inflammasome and NF-\u03baB signalling. Collectively, these findings suggest convergence towards a potential shared inflammatory axis mediated by the inflammasome\u2013interferon pathway, which may contribute to persistent systemic inflammation and tissue damage. Evidence from pharmacological and non-pharmacological interventions suggests that components of this axis may be susceptible to modulation. Conclusions: The observed convergence supports a conceptual model of shared innate inflammatory activation across both conditions. Rather than implying a unified therapeutic approach, the findings suggest a framework of convergent modulation targeting the inflammasome\u2013interferon axis. This hypothesis warrants further investigation to determine its clinical and translational relevance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diseases14080304","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T11:37:34Z","timestamp":1787312254000},"page":"304","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Inflammasome\u2013Interferon Convergence in Elite HIV Controllers and Autoimmune Diseases: A Critical Integrative Reflection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ariel","family":"Torres","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y Bienestar Humano, Universidad Tecnol\u00f3gica Indoam\u00e9rica, Quito 170103, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3422-8316","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paloma","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biblioteca, Universidad de Las Am\u00e9ricas, Quito 170125, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martha","family":"Fors","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"One Health Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Las Am\u00e9ricas, Quito 170125, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gisselle","family":"Trujillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y Bienestar Humano, Universidad Tecnol\u00f3gica Indoam\u00e9rica, Quito 170103, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2026, April 06). 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