{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T08:11:41Z","timestamp":1761293501468,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,14]],"date-time":"2016-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1481673600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED)"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010795","name":"Chugai Pharmaceutical","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010795","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006483","name":"AbbVie","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006483","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Diseases"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Wisteria floribunda agglutinin-positive human Mac-2-binding protein (WFA(+)-M2BP) is a novel non-invasive marker of liver fibrosis. The goal of the study was to investigate whether the novel serum biomarker WFA(+)-M2BP or other non-invasive markers are useful for the prediction of liver fibrosis in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), and primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). Methods: We examined a significant correlation between serum WFA(+)-M2BP levels and histological staging of fibrosis in several chronic liver diseases, such as NASH, AIH, and PBC. Results: WFA(+)-M2BP could not predict hepatic fibrosis in these patients. We also showed that the level of platelet counts is a useful predictor of hepatic fibrosis progression in patients with NASH, AIH, and PBC. There was a significant correlation between staging of fibrosis and grading of activity in the liver in all groups except for AIH patients. Conclusion: Platelet counts can predict hepatic fibrosis in patients with NASH, AIH, or PBC. Clinicians should pay attention to the grading of liver activity in the use of WFA(+)-M2BP.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/diseases4040038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,14]],"date-time":"2016-12-14T10:14:47Z","timestamp":1481710487000},"page":"38","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Serum Wisteria Floribunda Agglutinin-Positive Mac-2 Binding Protein Could Not Always Predict Early Cirrhosis in Non-Viral Liver Diseases"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Yuki","family":"Haga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8677, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9565-4669","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tatsuo","family":"Kanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8677, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reina","family":"Sasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8677, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masato","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8677, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Koji","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8677, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8677, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shin","family":"Yasui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8677, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Arai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8677, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shingo","family":"Nakamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8677, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Osamu","family":"Yokosuka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8677, Japan"},{"name":"Japan Community Health care Organization Funabashi Central Hospital, 6-13-10 Kaijin, Funabashi, Chiba 273-8556, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2010.04.008","article-title":"A position statement on NAFLD\/NASH based on the EASL 2009 special conference","volume":"53","author":"Ratziu","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2193","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23584","article-title":"Diagnosis and management of autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"51","author":"Manns","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1536","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2015.312","article-title":"Changing nomenclature for PBC: from \u2018Cirrhosis\u2019 to \u2018Cholangitis\u2019","volume":"110","author":"Beuers","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22906","article-title":"Primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"50","author":"Lindor","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22742","article-title":"Liver biopsy","volume":"49","author":"Rockey","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2893.2000.00235.x","article-title":"Natural course of progression of liver fibrosis in Japanese patients with chronic liver disease type C\u2014A study of 527 patients at one establishment","volume":"7","author":"Matsumura","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Viral Hepat."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2015.07.019","article-title":"Hyaluronic acid as a non-invasive biomarker of liver fibrosis","volume":"49","author":"Neuman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2003.50346","article-title":"A simple noninvasive index can predict both significant fibrosis and cirrhosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C","volume":"38","author":"Wai","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21178","article-title":"Development of a simple noninvasive index to predict significant fibrosis in patients with HIV\/HCV coinfection","volume":"43","author":"Sterling","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1954","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22870","article-title":"Prospective risk assessment for hepatocellular carcinoma development in patients with chronic hepatitis C by transient elastography","volume":"49","author":"Masuzaki","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"4530","article-title":"Interactions between galectin-3 and Mac-2-binding protein mediate cell-cell adhesion","volume":"56","author":"Inohara","year":"1996","journal-title":"Cancer Res."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1563","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27305","article-title":"Elevated serum levels of Wisteria floribunda agglutinin-positive human Mac-2 binding protein predict the development of hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis C patients","volume":"60","author":"Yamasaki","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"776","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-014-1007-2","article-title":"Association between Wisteria floribunda agglutinin-positive Mac-2 binding protein and the fibrosis stage of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease","volume":"50","author":"Abe","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1038\/srep01065","article-title":"A serum \u201csweet-doughnut\u201d protein facilitates fibrosis evaluation and therapy assessment in patients with viral hepatitis","volume":"3","author":"Kuno","year":"2013","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-015-1063-2","article-title":"Clinicopathological characteristics and diagnostic performance of Wisteria floribunda agglutinin positive Mac-2-binding protein as a preoperative serum marker of liver fibrosis in hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"50","author":"Fujiyoshi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2015.118","article-title":"Serum Wisteria floribunda agglutinin-positive mac-2-binding protein level predicts liver fibrosis and prognosis in primary biliary cirrhosis","volume":"110","author":"Umemura","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2007.07.006","article-title":"Grading and staging systems for inflammation and fibrosis in chronic liver diseases","volume":"47","author":"Goodman","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2005","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.25762","article-title":"The diagnosis and management of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Practice guideline by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases, American College of Gastroenterology, and the American Gastroenterological Association","volume":"55","author":"Chalasani","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(99)80297-9","article-title":"International Autoimmune Hepatitis Group Report: Review of criteria for diagnosis of autoimmune hepatitis","volume":"31","author":"Alvarez","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"573","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-002-1102-7","article-title":"Bezafibrate treatment: A new medical approach for PBC patients?","volume":"38","author":"Kanda","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nakamura, M., Kanda, T., Nakamoto, S., Miyamura, T., Jiang, X., Wu, S., and Yokosuka, O. (2013). No correlation between PNPLA3 rs738409 genotype and fatty liver and hepatic cirrhosis in Japanese patients with HCV. PLoS ONE, 8.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0081312"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"846","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21496","article-title":"The NAFLD fibrosis score: A noninvasive system that identifies liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD","volume":"45","author":"Angulo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1020562702083","article-title":"Elevated levels of circulating immunostimulatory 90K in Henoch-Schoenlein purpura","volume":"19","author":"Pelliccia","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Clin. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1023\/B:GLYC.0000014085.00706.d4","article-title":"90K (Mac-2 BP) and galectins in tumor progression and metastasis","volume":"19","author":"Grassadonia","year":"2004","journal-title":"Glycoconj. J."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(96)80076-6","article-title":"Elevated serum levels of 90K\/MAC-2 BP predict unresponsiveness to alpha-interferon therapy in chronic HCV hepatitis patients","volume":"25","author":"Artini","year":"1996","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"370","article-title":"90K protein: A new predictor marker of disease progression in human immunodeficiency virus infection","volume":"6","author":"Natoli","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1002\/prca.201200137","article-title":"Serum Mac-2 binding protein levels as a novel diagnostic biomarker for prediction of disease severity and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis","volume":"7","author":"Kamada","year":"2013","journal-title":"Proteom. Clin. Appl."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1433","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28002","article-title":"A novel noninvasive diagnostic method for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis using two glycobiomarkers","volume":"62","author":"Kamada","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hepatology"}],"container-title":["Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-9721\/4\/4\/38\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T19:28:33Z","timestamp":1760210913000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2079-9721\/4\/4\/38"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,14]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]}},"alternative-id":["diseases4040038"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/diseases4040038","relation":{},"ISSN":["2079-9721"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2079-9721"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,14]]}}}