{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T08:27:00Z","timestamp":1765268820318,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,28]],"date-time":"2021-12-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640649600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"ARDEC Academy","award":["NA"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NA"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dentistry Journal"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Experimental studies have shown a progressive thinning and perforations of the sinus mucosa associated with sharpened edges and the cutting projections of graft particles used simultaneously for maxillary sinus augmentation. Hence, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the damaging effects of two different bovine grafts on the sinus mucosa after sinus augmentation. Methods: Twenty New Zealand rabbits received a bilateral sinus lifting using, as fillers, two different types of deproteinized bovine bone in granules, one processed at low temperature (low-T group), and the other at high temperature (high-T group). Thinned mucosa sites (&lt;40 \u00b5m) and perforations were evaluated in the sinus mucosa that were in contact with graft granules after 2 and 10 weeks, in ten animals per period. Results: After 2 weeks of healing, the number of thinned mucosa sites was 118 in the low-T group, and 149 in the high-T group (p = 0.191). At the 10-week assessment, the thinned sites increased to 237 and 195 sites, respectively. The numbers of sinus mucosa perforations after 2 weeks were eight and three in the low-T and high-T group, respectively. At the 10-week evaluation, the perforations increased to 19 in the low-T group, and to 14 in the high-T group. Conclusions: The contact with bovine xenografts yielded thinning and perforations of the sinus mucosa. Despite the differences in characteristics and dimensions, no differences were found between the two xenografts in the numbers of thinning mucosa sites and perforations. However, a trend of more events was found in the low-T compared to the high-T group.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/dj10010002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,28]],"date-time":"2021-12-28T06:55:03Z","timestamp":1640674503000},"page":"2","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Sinus Mucosa Thinning and Perforations after Sinus Lifting Performed with Different Xenografts: A Histological Analysis in Rabbits"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Riccardo","family":"Favero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Universit\u00e0 di Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4565-5222","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karol Al\u00ed","family":"Apaza Alccayhuaman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Biology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2804-1632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniele","family":"Botticelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ARDEC Academy, 47923 Rimini, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7389-5886","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel Porfirio","family":"Xavier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 14040-904, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vitor","family":"Ferreira Balan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 14040-904, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2335-6897","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Veronica","family":"Macchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Universit\u00e0 di Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2307-0277","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raffaele","family":"De Caro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Universit\u00e0 di Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2008.01272.x","article-title":"A systematic review of the success of sinus floor elevation and survival of implants inserted in combination with sinus floor elevation","volume":"35","author":"Pjetursson","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. 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