{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T05:46:17Z","timestamp":1770702377645,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,27]],"date-time":"2022-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643241600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dentistry Journal"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In the past, lip reconstruction after ablative surgery has been performed by primary closure and more recently by free flap transfer technique. Cheek\u2019s skin flap has been used to reconstruct the lower lip cutaneous portion. This study presents a reconstructive method for the vermillion and the lip\u2019s cutaneous portion using the Goldstein\u2013Robotti techniques (for the vermillion) and the buccinator flap to reconstruct the cutaneous lip portion and the perioral muscles. This procedure allows a complete reconstruction with a double layer technique for defects of more than one-third of both lips, together or alone, including modiolus, showing satisfactory functionality and aesthetics. The procedure was carried out by splitting the buccinator muscle and elongating the upper and lower buccinator bundles, together or alone. Soft tissue blunt dissection prevented most facial nerves and vessels injuries, ensuring blood supply and an amount of lip sensitivity. Even in the case of facial vessel ligatures after neck dissection, the technique was possible basing the flap pedicle on the internal maxillary artery branches (buccinator) and contralateral facial vessels (orbicularis). We present a case series of six reconstructions of various defects of the upper and lower lips, including the commissure after ablative surgery for squamous cell carcinoma and polymorphous adenocarcinoma. The results showed satisfactory functional and aesthetic outcomes, with similar tissue texture, static and dynamic symmetry achieved for all the patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/dj10020019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,27]],"date-time":"2022-01-27T21:59:55Z","timestamp":1643320795000},"page":"19","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Lip Reconstruction by Double Layer and Double Flap New Combination Technique: A Case Series"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0875-0725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Cortese","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, 84084 Salerno, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salvatore","family":"Catalano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ENT Department, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, 06121 Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio Alberto Maria","family":"Giunta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ENT Department, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, 06121 Perugia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Borri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, 84084 Salerno, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Panetta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, 84084 Salerno, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7790-1622","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pier Paolo","family":"Claudio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center Natural Product Research, Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Mississippi, Jackson, MS 39216, USA"},{"name":"Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Perner, S., and Idel, C. (2021). Editorial for the Special Issue \u201cSquamous Cell Cancer of the Head and Neck-Time to Arrive in the 21st Century of Oncology\u201d. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22041592"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203310383068","article-title":"Squamous cell carcinoma on the palate in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus: Case report and review of literature","volume":"20","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lupus"},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"e62","article-title":"Actinic cheilitis and lip squamous cell carcinoma: Literature review and new data from Brazil","volume":"11","author":"Mello","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clin. Exp. 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